Festivals around the world

教学过程

一、复习预习

依据语境记词汇

(Ⅰ)单词拼写

1．It is difficult to get used to another country’s customs (习俗)． 2．I admire (钦佩) him very much for he is a learned and kind man. 3．He was awarded (授予) the first prize in the competition.

4．The studies find that people who are able to forgive (原谅) feel less stress and less depression.

5．We enjoy the harmony of school life, in which we can gain (获得) a better result of study. 6．On his arrival (到达) at the railway station, he was told that his train was delayed for two hours.

7．Having not been given the gift, little Tom wept (哭泣) after the ceremony.

8．They receive baskets full of food and clothing (衣服) from the people they work for.

(Ⅱ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1．Kelly wrote a letter to Kim to apologize for her calling her nickname, but Kim didn’t accept her apology.(apologize) 2．Even if you have a permit, I won’t permit you to enter the hall without my permission.(permit)

二、课堂导入

概念引入情态动词

The classroom can seat thirty students. 这教室能坐三十位学生。 You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规。

It is cold in the room. They musthave turned off the heating. 屋里很冷，他们肯定把暖气关了。 It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet. 地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。

三、知识讲解

知识点1 情态动词

概念：在动词(一般动词)之前形成动词的否定,疑问,时态,语态,语气或表示特殊意义的动词叫做助动词,其中具有感情色彩一些助动词叫做情态动词。

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。

知识点2 情态动词分组辨析：

1.【考查点】can和could (could为can的过去式) 的基本用法 (1)表示能力，如：

He can speak English better than you.

can和be able to都可表示能力，两者在意思上没有什么区别。但是can只能有现在式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式，可位于情态动词之后或表达过去成功地做了某事。如： He will be able to do the work better. He was able to finish the work on time. (2) 表示客观的可能性

Accidents can happen to any drunken driver. According to the radio, it could rain this afternoon. (3)表示“许可”时can可以和may换用，如：

You can (may) go home now.如果要表示语气婉转，可用could代替can，这时could不再是can的过去式，注意回答时不能用could。如： ---- Could you come again tomorrow? ---- Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.

(3) 在疑问句和否定句中表示怀疑、惊奇、不相信的态度。如： Can this green bike be Liu Dong's? How can you believe such a liar like him?

(4) 用于肯定句，表示一时的情况，意为：有时候会。如： It can be very hot here in summer.

Tom is a clever boy, but he can be dull sometimes.

2.【考查点】may和might (might为may的过去式)的基本用法 (1)表示允许或许可，否定用mustn’t, 表禁止。如：

---- May we swim in this lake? ---- No, you mustn't. It's too dangerous. 肯定可以用比较婉转的说法进行回答。如： ---- May I use this dictionary?

---- Yes, please. /Certainly. / Yes, you can.

(2)在表示请求、许可时，用might比may 语气更婉转些, 如： May I have a look at your new computer?

May I…?在文体上较正式，较客气，日常口语中常用Can I…?[

(3)may或 might都可以表示可能性，表示\"或许\"、\"可能\"之意，如果用might表示可能性，则语气更加不肯定，如：They may (might) be in the library now. He is absent. He may/ might be ill. (4)May 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。如： May you have a happy life. May you succeed.

比较Wish you a happy new year.

Wish you success.

3.【考查点】must的基本用法

(1)must表示“必须”、“应该”之意，语气比should, ought to强烈，其否定式 must not，缩写形式为 mustn’t，表示 “不准”、或“禁止”之意，如： We must study hard and make progress every day. You mustn't touch the fire.

(2) 对以must提出的疑问句，如作否定回答时，要用needn‘t或用don’t (doesn‘t) have to (不必)来回答，而不用mustn’t，因为mustn‘t表示的是“禁止”或“不许可”之意，如： ---- Must we finish the work tomorrow?

---- No, you needn't (don't have to), but you must finish it in three days. (3) must可以表示推测，表示“一定”或“必定”之意，只用于肯定句中。如： ---- Whose new bike can it be?

---- It must be Liu Dong's. I know his father has just bought him a new one. You must be ill. I can see it from your face. 4.【考查点】have to 的基本用法

(1)have to和must的意义相近，只是 must侧重表示说话人的主观看法，而have to 则表示客观需要，如： I must study hard.

You have to hand in your compositions before next Monday.

(2)have to 有人称、数和时态的变化,否定式要用助动词，don’t have to如： They had to speed up, for the weather turned terrible. He has to stay at home because of illness 5.【考查点】should的基本用法

(1)should表示“建议”或“劝告”，有“应该”之意，可与ought to 互换。如： You should learn from each other.

You should/ ought to go and see Mary some time.

(2）表示推测，译作：很可能，该，是说话人对客观事物的真实性做出较大可能性的判断。如：

It’s already 10. She promised to come by 10. She should be here at any moment. (3) why/how + should 表示“竟然”，含意外、惊异等语气。 Why should you be so late today?

I don’t understand why you should think that I did it.

(4)should后接完成式表示过去没有做到本来应该做的事情，或是做了本来不应该做的事情。如：

You should have given him more help.

You shouldn’t have left home without saying a word.

(5) 表示万一，用于if 从句Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. 6.【考查点】will的基本用法 (1) 可以表示“意志”或“决心”，如：

I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen. ——Can someone help me? —— I will.

(2)请求或询问对方的意愿，如：

Will you please tell me how to get to the Capital Gymnasium? Will you open the window?

(3)表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“惯于”之意，will 指现在，would 指过去。如：Every morning he will have a walk along this river.

7.【考查点】would的基本用法（1）would作为will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的\"意志\"或\"决心\"，如：

He promised he would never smoke again.

(2) 在疑问句中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或许问对方的意愿时，比用will的气更加婉转，如： Would you like some more coffee?

(3)在日常生活中，学用\"I would like to…\"表示\"我想要\"或\"我愿意\"之意，以使语气婉转，如：I would like to do Ex.2 first.

(4) would可以表示过去的习惯动作，比used to正式，并没有\"现已无此习惯\"的含义。如：Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class. / During the vacation he would visit me every week. (5) 表料想或猜想，如：

It would be about ten when he left home. What would she be doing there? I thought he would have told you about it. 8.【考查点】shall的基本用法

(1) 在疑问句中，shall用于第一、三人称，表示说话人的征询对方意见或请求指示，如： Shall I open the door?

(2) shall用作情态动词时，用于第二、三人称，表示说活人的意愿，可表示\"命令\"、\"警告\"、\"强制\"、\"威胁\"或\"允诺\"等意，如：He shall go first, whether he wants to or not. 9.【考查点】need的基本用法

(1)need作情态动词用时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，如：He needn't worry about us now. (2)need也可作为行为动词用，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或带 to 的动词不定式为其宾语。如： You need to practise reading aloud every day.

(3)needn't后接完成式可以表示过去做了一件本来不必要做的事情，如： ---- Did you answer the letter yesterday? ---- Yes, I did.

---- But you needn't have answered it. 10.【考查点】dare的基本用法

(l)dare (dared为其过去式) 作情态动词用时，主要用于否定句，疑问句和条件从句中，如：Dare he break the traffic regulations again? You will be punished if you dare do such a thing.

(2)在现代英语中dare常用作行为动词，其变化与一般行为动词相同，如： She dares to stay at home alone at night.

知识点 3写作指导：三段式作文

所谓三段式就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式谋篇布局。三段式的模式写法通常为： 1．第一段开门见山，提出要解决的问题或观点，或者把时间、地点、人物和主要事情及时点出。

2．第二段要摆出事实或提出论据，或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。 3．最后一段，得出结论或理由。

注意：要学会使用过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”和“粘合剂”。恰当地使用过渡词可避免结构松散，层次不明，表意不清等弊端，使文章条理清楚，文字连贯流畅。常用的过渡词有： 1. 递进型：besides，what’s more，worse still，moreover，even，furthermore等；

Many of them can hardly look after themselves, still less manage their own life.他们很多人几乎不能照顾自己，更别说经营他们自己的人生。

2. 解释型：in fact, as a matter of fact, actually, in other words, that is to say, that is等； He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagination.他曾被认为是一个不值得教育的孩子。事实上，他的想象力非常丰富。 3. 转折型：however，but，yet，although，otherwise，instead，on the contrary等； On the contrary, the volunteers always claim that they are tired of the life on earth, so they are eager to experience the future life on the Mars.相反，这些志愿者说，他们厌倦了地球上的生活，因此他们渴望体验未来火星上的生活。

4. 列举型：firstly...secondly...finally，on the one hand，on the other hand等；

On one hand, I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents, and on the other hand, I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life.一方面，我能通过做这样的事赚些钱来帮助父母；另一方面，我能从中获得一些经验，这会对我将来的生活有益。 5. 举例型：for example，for instance，such as，that is，like，take...for example等； On one hand, I will organize some English activities, for example, to hold English debates or

English speech contests so as to help us students arouse their interest in English.一方面，我会组织一些英语活动，例如举办英语辩论赛或英语演讲比赛，目的是帮助我们学生提高英语方面的兴趣。

6. 因果型：because (of)，since，therefore，as a result，thanks to，thus，due to等； Therefore, there is no reason for us to look down upon ordinary jobs.因此，我们没有理由轻视普通的工作。

7. 让步型：though，although，in spite of，despite等；

No matter who breaks the law, he will be punished.不管谁违法都要受到惩罚。 8. 顺序型：first...next...and then...finally，first...then...after that...finally等；

Firstly, I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I swept and mopped the floors.首先，我把所有的书籍、报纸和其他的散落在屋子里的东西收集起来放好，接着我扫去所有家具上的灰尘，然后我扫地、拖地。 9. 并列型：and，or，also，as well as等；

I think we will have a good time there and I will send your photos taken there.我想我们会玩得很愉快，而且我将会把在那里拍的你的照片送给你。

10. 总结型：in conclusion，in a word，to sum up，in short，on the whole等；

In a word, success is important, and so is failure, because it’s the mother of success.总之，成功很重要，失败也很重要，因为它是成功之母。

12. 见解型：in my opinion，personally speaking，as far as I am concerned等。

As far as I am concerned, they stand for love, friendship and unity.以我看来，他们代表爱、友谊和团结。

以上写作模式可时常运用于实际的写作过程中，只要我们把握好写作技巧和模式，书面表达能力的提高也就指日可待了。

四、例题精析

【例题1】

—Many houses near the airport were destroyed by the wind. —Well, the wind ________ have been very strong. 【答案】must

【解析】——机场附近的很多房子都被风破坏掉了。

——哦，那场风一定很大。 must表示推测常用于肯定句。

【例题2】

If Doric continues doing things like that, he ________ face the music one day! 【答案】shall

【解析】考查情态动词。句意：如果Doric继续做这样的事情，那么他一定会自食苦果的。face the music“承担后果”。此处shall用在第三人称he后表示说话人的警告。再如：He shall stay in bed.他必须躺在床上。

【例题3】

—Please don’t tell anybody. —I ________.I promise. A．can’t C．won’t 【答案】选C

【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：“请别告诉任何人。”“我不会的，我保证。”can’t“不可能；不能够”；don’t助动词，表示否定；won’t“不会的”；mustn’t表禁止。根据句意，选C项。

【例题4】

—She looks very happy. She ________ have passed the exam. —I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A．should C．could 【答案】选B

【解析】考查情态动词。句意：“她看上去很开心。她一定是通过了考试。”“我想是吧，毕竟考试不难。”四个备选项都可以用来表示推测，must语气最强，然后是should, could, might语气最弱。根据语境，说话人推测她通过考试是有一定的理由的，即她看起来很开心，因此推测时很有把握，故用must。

【例题5】

假设你是李越，你的加拿大笔友Steve来信说，他和他的一些同学正在学中文，请你推荐两本学中文的词典。根据下表提供的信息，请你给他写一封回信。

B．must D．might B．don’t D．mustn’t

英汉词典 18 000 (英语) 新华字典 收词(字) 20 000 (汉语) 价格 特点 52元 大量例子、用法说明，适合初学者 10 000 11元 中国最常用的汉语字典 注意：1.词数：100左右；

2．参考词汇：推荐recommend；英汉词典The English－Chinese Dictionary (ECD)；新华字典Xinhua Dictionary (XD)。 Dear Steve，

____________________________________________________________

Yours， Li Yue

【答案】Dear Steve，

I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese.

I’d like to recommend the following two dictionaries .The English－Chinese Dictionary is really a good one for beginners .It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words. Besides plenty of examples，it has many notes telling you how to use a word .Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary，and it has a vocabulary of 10,000 words .It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese .Of the two，ECD is more expensive. It costs 52 yuan，and XD costs 11 yuan.

Please let me know if you want me to buy one for you.

Yours， Li Yue

【解析】此篇书面表达属于实物说明文，其篇章结构可按三段式进行写作。本文的第一段，可用直接的叙述“I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese”。正文即可作为第二段，其主要内容是对两本词典的一些介绍。结束语即可作为第三段。应将两本词典的特点表达准确，以便加拿大笔友Steve做出合理选择。表达时，文章的基本时态可考虑用一般现在时。

五、课堂练习

（一）根据汉语提示及所给单词完成句子

1．You _______(没有必要告诉他)，for I had told him about it earlier．(need) 2．We ________(本该买) a new lock for the front door．(should)

3．I’m not sure that I’m going to the lecture tomorrow afternoon．I________(可能去) Prof．Black’s class instead．(go)

4．I didn’t hear the bell ring．I ________(肯定睡着了)．(asleep)

5．A dog ran in front of my mother’s car and she _______(不得不停止) very quickly．(have) 6. You ________(本应到达)earlier.(arrive)

7. She ________(一定擦了)the table, for the table is very clean.(clean) 8. _____________(你能屏住呼吸)for 5 minutes?(breath) 9. The guide suggested that we __________ (出发)tonight.(set) 10.You )___________(应该原谅)her, for it is not her fault.(forgive) 11.We _____________(一定不要嘲笑)the old people.(laugh) 12.Oil __________(漂浮)on water.(float)

13.She ___________(不可能来了)，for her boss asked her to finish a lot of work today.(turn) 14.It ______________ (可能是种习俗)。（custom） 15.She ___________(过去常常开……玩笑)others.(trick) （二）用适当的情态动词填空：

1. There is 20 minutes left. We _______ (not) have to be in such a hurry. 2. Where is my watch? I really can’t find it. Where _____ it be? 3. The doctor told the old man that he ______ avoid eating fat. 4. It’s too late. I think he ______ go to bed.

5. ______ you mind my troubling you with a few questions? 6. He ________ flee Europe before the war broke out. 7. Peter _______come with us tonight, but he isn’t sure. 8. I didn’t hear the phone .I _______ have been asleep. 9. My friend John ________ smoke, but now he doesn’t. 10. You _______ drive carefully. The road there is too narrow. 11. –Shall I tell John about it?

--No, you ______ .I’ve loved told him already.

12. My mother _______ have called me this morning. But she didn’t, so I was late for school and was blamed by my teacher. （三）根据中文意思补全下列句子： 1. 他们必须尽快完成这个任务

They _______ ________ ________ ________ as quickly as possible. 2. 外国也能将它们的节目传送到中国来。

Foreign countries ________ __________ their programs to China. 3. 相信我的话，我一定让你们平安到达利物浦。

Upon my word, I _______ ________ in Liverpool. 4. 应当首先满足世界人口的基本需要。

The basic needs of the world’s population _______ ________ _______ first. 5. 以前这里有个公园。

There _______ _______ _______ a park here. 6. 已经六点了。你随时都该到这儿。

It’s six o’clock now. He _____ ______ _______ at any moment. （四）短文改错

假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号∧，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线＼划掉。

修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。

More and more foreigners like to come to China. Last Friday our school was invited a foreign teacher in our city give a class to the students of Senior Grade Two. We found his class interested. I learned a lot from him. The teacher had a free talk to us with easy English. He spoke slow so that we could understand him well. Sometimes he repeated what we don’t understand. My classmates were all active in the class. To his joy, I understood everything the teacher said. And I was able to ask question in English. This class encouraged me very much. I’m sure that until we keep on practicing, it will be easy for us to learn speaking English well.

【答案解析】 完成句子

1．needn’t have told him 2．should have bought 3．may/might go to 4．must have been asleep 5．had to stop

6. should/ought to have arrived 7. must have cleaned

8. Can you hold your breath 9. should set off/out 10.should for give 11.mustn’t laugh at

12.will float 13.can’t turn up

14.may be a custom 15.used to play a trick on 用适当的情态动词填空：

1. needn’t 2. can 3. should 4. must 5. Would 6. was able to 7. may 8.must 9.used to 10.shall 11.needn’t 12.should 根据中文意思补全下列句子：

1. must finish the task 2. can send 3. will land 4. must be satisfied/met 5. used to be 6. should be here 短文改错

1.去掉invited之前的was 2.give前加to

3.interested→ interesting 4.with→ in 5.slow→ slowly 6.don’t→ didn’t

7.his→ my

8.question→ questions 9.until→ if

10.speaking→ spoken

课程小结

复习并掌握部分情态动词的用法和区别，学习并掌握三段式作文写作方法，学会运用常见过渡词，使写作水平提高一个台阶。

课后作业

（一）单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. We hope that as many people as possible ________ join us for the picnic tomorrow. A. need 2. —What’s the name?

—Kevin. ________ I spell that for you? A. Shall

B. Would

C. Can

D. Might

B. must

C. should

D. can

3. We ________ have proved great adventurers，but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. A. needn’t

B. may not

C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

4. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_______ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.

A. should have taken C. needn’t have taken

B. could have taken D. mustn’t have taken

5. There ________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. A. mustn’t

B. shan’t

C. shouldn’t

D. needn’t

6. I ________ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t

C. mustn’t

D. needn’t

7. You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You _______ find the book by t

he title. A. must

B. need

C. can

D. would

8. Mrs. Brown，our geography teacher，________，for her bag with maps and a globe are already on the teachers’ desk. A. must arrive

B. can have arrived D. has arrived

C. must have arrived

9. All my family are looking forward to meeting you. You ________ come over and have dinner with us this weekend. A. will

B. must

C. may

D. shall

10. —How was the journey? Did you come back by plane or by train?

—For some reason. I came back by train. I _____ back by plane，though. A. could have travelled C. might travel 【答案解析】 单项填空

1. D [解析]本题考查情态动词的用法。根据句意“我们希望明天有尽可能多的人能够参加我们的野餐”。可知应选D项。

2. A [解析]考查情态动词的用法。shall用于第一、第三人称，表示征求意见。would一般用于第二人称。can表示许可，一般用于否定句和疑问句。might表示委婉语气。

3. B [解析]本题考查考生对情态动词表示推测含义的掌握和运用能力。句意为“我们也许不能成为伟大的探险者，但我们在过去的十年里完成了从未有过的最伟大的远征”。根据句意可知，这里应该填情态动词表示推测。对过去情况的推测应使用情态动词的完成式；表示不十分有把握的否定推测不能使用mustn’t. 而needn’t和shouldn’t加动词的完成式一般不用于表示推测。所以B项may not“可能不”是正确答案。

4. C [解析]should have done意为“本应做某事但没做”；could have done意为“可能做了某事”；needn’t have done意为“没有必要做某事但却做了”。根据句意可知C项最佳。must表推测时不能用在否定句中。

5. C [解析]本题考查情态动词的用法。A项指“禁止”；B项有“命令，允诺”等意思；C项表示主观的不应该或按客观推测不应该；D项意为“不必”。

6. B [解析]本题考查情态动词的用法。shouldn’t have done表示“不应该做而做了”。couldn’t

B. should travel D. would have travelled

have done表示对过去事情的否定推测。句意为“事故发生时我不可能已经六岁多了”。 7. C [解析]考查情态动词的用法。句子的意思为“想要找一本书，你不一定要知道作者的名字，你通过书名也能找到”。由题意可知应选C项。

8. C [解析]考查情态动词的用法。由题干中的for可知，此处要用表示推断的情态动词。注意：must arrive用来对现在或将来的情况进行推断；can have arrived只用于疑问句或否定句中；must have arrived用来推断过去的情况；has arrived是一种客观陈述。

9. B [解析]考查情态动词的用法。must必须；一定。句意为“我们全家人都盼望见到你。这个周末，你一定要来和我们一起吃晚饭”。如：I must shut the door，or the rain will come in. 我必须把门关上，不然雨就进来了。

10. A [解析]考查情态动词的用法。答句句意为“由于某种原因，我是坐火车回来的。尽管我本可以坐飞机回来”。这是对过去情况的叙述，所以只能在A、D两项中选。could have done表示“过去本可以做某事却没有做”；would have done表示“过去将要做某事却没有做”。结合句意可知A项正确。 （二）阅读填空

Nowadays, it's hard to find a good job and stay at it. If you're not careful, you could ruin your career. Here are some mistakes that could cause your career to go up in flames.

1．Lying. Lying can kill your career before it even starts. Resist the urge to lie on your résumé(简历) or during the interview. Don't add degrees you didn't earn or jobs that you never had.1.__________ Once you get caught, most employers will show you the door.

2．Lack of sleep. The stress of not getting enough sleep makes you irritable(易怒的). 2.__________ Who wants to work with such a person? Get enough sleep and make yourself more popular and productive.

3．Laziness. 3.__________ You should always be looking for opportunities to go above and beyond your required responsibilities. During the process you may even uncover a talent you didn't realize you had.

4．Being a loner. It's important to be a team player. This is not your world. 4.__________ While cooperating(合作) with others, you will see your efforts appreciated and your abilities improved.

5．Not improving your skills. No matter how good you are at your job, your skill will need a turn－up from time to time. 5.__________ The free or low－cost online courses and certificate programs leave you with no excuse. Keeping your skills continually updated helps you stay longer at your job.

A．It also causes you to make serious mistakes.

B．You have to work with other people to get things done. C．Let go of the attitude that you can do everything for others. D．Know that your information can be easily researched today. E．It's important not to stay too long even if you have a good job. F．Take the time to develop yourself before your job is taken away.

G．Good luck won't come to you if you refuse to do more than your business. 【答案解析】

语篇导读：找到一个好工作并且做下去不容易，但是一些错误会让你的事业毁于一旦。本文列举了一些可能会使事业毁于一旦的常见错误。

1．D 本段主题是撒谎。上文提到简历中不要添加那些你没有的学历或者你没有做过的工作，下文则表示一旦被发现就会被扫地出门。D项(你要知道，现在你的信息很容易被搜索到。)符合语境。

2．A 本段主题是缺乏睡眠。空格前提到缺乏睡眠使人易怒，而后面则提到没有人愿意和这样的人一起工作，由此推测，设空处仍然是缺乏睡眠造成的问题。A项(它也会使你犯下严重的错误。)符合语境。

3．G 本段主题是懒惰。根据其他几段内容可知，在标题后都是对标题内容的进一步阐述。G项(如果你不愿意多干活，好运不会降临到你身上。)这正是对懒惰这一主题的延伸，故选G项。

4．B 本题主题是不合群。本段内容都是要求与人合作，B项(你得与人合作把工作做好。)符合语境。

5．F 本段主题是不提高自己的技能。空格前提出要不断地调整自己，后面则说有很多免费或廉价的网上课程以及证书项目都给你提高的机会。F项(在没有被解雇之前花点时间提高自己。)符合语境