2019-2020学年新教材高中英语unit4 friends forever periodⅢdevelopingideas教学案版本：外研版必修第一册

课前自学导引

《二十年后》

短篇小说《二十年后》以纽约一个寒冷漆黑的夜晚为背景。大多数人已经下班回家，此时城市的这一区域已很安静。一名正在检查这个地区，他看到一名男子在一家商店外面。他走近那个男子，发现他脸上有一道疤。他们聊了几句，这个男子开始讲述他的故事。

“二十年前的今天晚上，”那人说，“我在‘大乔’布雷迪饭店和我最好的朋友、世界上最好的小伙子吉米·韦尔斯共进晚餐。他和我在纽约一起长大，就像兄弟俩一样，我18岁，吉米20岁。第二天早晨，我就要动身去西部发家了。你不可能把吉米从纽约拖出来；他认为这是地球上唯一的地方。那天晚上，我们一致同意，从那个日期和时间起整整二十年后，我们将在这里再次见面，不管我们的条件如何，也不管我们必须走多远。我们认为，二十年后，我们每个人都应该掌握自己的命运，创造自己的财富，不管这些财富是什么。”

“听起来挺有意思，”说。“我看这时间挺长的，你走了之后你们没联系吗？” “联系过，有一段时间我们通过信，但一两年之后我们就失去联系了。你知道，西部不好混，这些年我就忙着赚钱了。可我知道只要吉米活着，他就一定会来，因为他一直都是世界上最忠诚、最讲义气的朋友。他不会忘的。我千里迢迢赶来，只要能见他一面，就值得。”

(节选自欧·亨利《二十年后》)

课堂合作探究

1

fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款；命运；运气(P44)

(1)make a one's fortune发财

归纳拓展

have the good/bad fortune to do ... 有幸/不幸做……try one's fortune 碰运气(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的

be fortunate to do sth. 有幸/幸运地做某事It is fortunate that ... 幸运的是……unfortunate adj. 不幸的fortunately adv. 幸运地unfortunately adv. 不幸地

①The fortune sets him free from financial worries.这笔钱使他不用为经济问题担忧。

②These two brothers decided to go to big cities to try_their_fortune.这两兄弟决定去大城市碰碰运气。

③To be honest, you'll make_a_fortune out of the investment. 说实话，你会从此投资中发一笔财的。

④I have_the_good_fortune_to_work with some brilliant directors.我有幸与一些卓越的主管共事。

(1)用fortune的适当形式填空①I was ________ enough to escape.

②________， the storm only did a little damage.③I was ________ to lose my keys.④________， I missed the last train.

答案：①fortunate　②Fortunately　③unfortunate④Unfortunately(2)单句写作

他们到国外做生意发了财。

They went abroad to ______________________ by doing business.答案：make their fortune

2

correspond v. 通信；相一致，符合(P45)(1)correspond to/with 和……一致correspond with 和……通信

归纳拓展

(2)correspondence n. 一致，相符；通信联系；往来书信in correspondence with 与……一致；与……有通信联系(3)correspondent n. 记者，通讯员；通信者corresponding adj. 一致的，相应的，通信的

①I corresponded_with Mary in the past several months when she took care of

my mother.

在玛丽照顾我母亲的几个月里，我和她一直通信。

②I assure you my actions will correspond_with/to my words. 我向你保证，我将言行一致。

③I have been in_correspondence_with him about the problem.关于这个问题，我和他一直书信往来。

④Frank Deford is a special correspondent for Newsweek magazine.弗兰克·德福特是《新闻周刊》杂志的特派记者。

(1)单句语法填空

①The written record of the conversation doesn't correspond ________ what was actually said.

②All rights carry with them ________ (correspond) responsibilities.

③What she has just said isn't in ________ (correspond) with the views of

the majority.

答案：①to/with　②corresponding　③correspondence(2)单句写作

①这批货和你送来的样品不一样。

The goods do not ________________ the samples you sent me. ②你和你国外的朋友通信吗？

Do you ever ________________ your overseas friends? 答案：①correspond with/to　②correspond with

strike vt.& vi. (struck，struck/stricken) 划火柴；(雷电、暴风雨等)

3

袭击；打，击中；打动，吸引；想起；(时钟)敲响　n. 罢工；罢课(P46)(1)sth. strikes/struck sb. 某人突然想起某事

归纳拓展

It strikes/struck sb. that ... 某人突然想到……strike sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位 打中某人身体某处be struck by ... 被……打动；被……击中；被……撞倒(2)be on strike 在罢工

①A good idea struck the manager.经理想到了一个好主意。

②It_struck_me_that he was on business in Shanghai.我突然想到他正在上海出差。

③A snowball struck him on the back of the head.一个雪球打中了他的后脑勺。

④The visitors were_struck_by the beauty of the country.游客们被这乡村的美丽打动了。

⑤The workers have been on_strike for three days now. 工人已经罢工三天了。

名师点津　strike可表示“突然想到想法”，相当于hit，动词occur也有此意，它们在用法上的区别是：strike和hit后直接跟sb.， occur后面跟to sb.。

(1)写出strike在下列句中的含义

①A stone struck me on the head. ________②An awful thought has just struck me.________

③The guests are struck by the cleanliness of this city.________答案：①击中　②想起　③打动

(2)单句语法填空

①Miller ________ (strike) by a car and lost his right arm.

②________ struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.

③It is reported that the workers are ________ strike.答案：①was struck　②It　③on

turn up 出现；到场；开大/调高音量(P45)

归纳拓展

turn down 调小；拒绝turn into 变成

turn out 证明是；结果是turn to 转向；求助于；翻到turn in 上交

①The question is whether that man will turn_up on time.问题是那个人是否会按时出现。

②I can't hear the radio very well, could you turn it up a bit? 收音机我听不清楚，你把它开大一点行吗？③Why did she turn_down your invitation?她为什么谢绝你的邀请？

④It turns_out right that water turns_into ice in such cold weather.在这么寒冷的天气中，水变成冰被证明是正确的。

单句语法填空

①Turn ________ me for help when you are in trouble.②The English evening turned ________ to be a great success.③Please turn the radio ________ a bit. I'm doing my homework.④He's still hoping good luck will turn ________.⑤You'd better turn ________ the money that you found.

答案：①to　②out　③down　④up　⑤in

We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to

have_our_destiny_worked_out_and_our_fortunes_made,_whatever they were going to be.

我们认为，二十年后，我们每个人都应该掌握自己的命运，创造自己的财富，不管这些财富是什么。(P44)

本句中have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made为“have

剖析

sth. done”结构，其中过去分词短语worked out和made分别作宾语our destiny和our fortunes的补足语。

“have sth. done”结构是“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构的形式之一，其用法如下：

(1)该结构中，have为使役动词，意为“使，让”，过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的含义。

(2)该结构的字面意思是“使某事被做”，可能是主语自己做，也可能让别人做。此时have可用get/make替换。有时该结构还可以表示主语“遭受/经

归纳拓展

历某种不幸的事”。

(3)“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾补可由不定式(不带to)、现在分词、过去分词等充当：have sb. do 让某人做某事

have sb. doing让某人一直做某事(强调动作一直在持续)have sth. done使某事被做

注意：have sth. to do 有某事要做(to do作定语，修饰前面的名词，不定式的动作由主语发出，不定式虽为主动形式，但表示被动意义)。

①He wants to have_his_eyes_examined tomorrow.他明天想去检查眼睛。

②I will have_him_help me with my English.我想让他帮我学英语。

③I have_a_lot_of_things_to_do today.今天我有很多事要做。

单句语法填空

①—My computer is out of function again.

—You need to go to the customer service center and have it ________ (repair)．

②The manager had her assistant ________ (buy) some hot dogs for the meeting.③How could you have her ________ (stand) in the cold all night?④I have a composition ________ (write), so I can't go out with you.答案：①repaired　②buy　③standing　④to write

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Art should be part of ________ (平常的) life.答案：ordinary

2．The interior of the church was ________ (朴素的)and simple.答案：plain

3．Discuss the problem with your ________ (伙伴) and both of you should show your ideas to each other.

答案：partner

4．The hotel offers a friendly ________ (氛围) and personal service.答案：atmosphere

5．I managed to d________ myself out of bed.答案：drag

6．She witnessed some very distressing s________.答案：scenes

7．John was deeply a________ of her behavior at the party.答案：ashamed

8．The children all have very different p________.答案：personalitiesⅡ.单句语法填空

1．Viewing is by ________ (appointed) only.答案：appointment

2．The tree was ________ (strike) by lightning.答案：struck

3．We do not harbor ________ (bitterly) towards our compatriot (同胞)．答案：bitterness

4．The offices are conveniently ________ (location) just a few minutes from the bus stop.

答案：located

5．I need to work in pleasant ________ (surrounding)．答案：surroundings

6．The reality does not always correspond ________ one's expectations.答案：with/to

7．________ happens, we should be optimistic about our future.答案：Whatever

8．She ought to ________ (stop) working; she has a headache because she has been reading all day long.

答案：stopⅢ.选词填空

work out； get started； be known for； be set in； hear from； ought to； make a fortune； turn up)

1.Jack agreed to get here at seven; it has been seven twenty, but he hasn't ________.

答案：turned up

2．Things just didn't ________ as planned.答案：work out

3．I am looking forward to ________ you as soon as possible.答案：hearing from

4．Since you have prepared well, you can ________ now.答案：get started

5．They British people ________ their politeness.答案：are known for

6．He left school early, determined to ________ in New York, but he didn't make any money there.

答案：make a fortune

7．You ________ be stricter with him. He's very naughty.答案：ought to

8．The story ________ the autumn of 1960.答案：is set inⅣ.单句写作

1．晚饭后去购物怎么样？(How about ... ？)__________________________ after dinner?

答案：How about going shopping

2．不管他告诉我什么，我都不会相信的。(no matter what)__________________________， I will not believe him.答案：No matter what he tells me

3．我们刚才请人把机器修好了。(have sth. done)We ________________________ just now.答案：had the machine mended

4．任何你老师要求你做的事儿都值得把它做好。(be worth)Whatever your teacher asks you to do ____________________. 答案：is worth doing well

5．自从他3年前离开，我们没有见过彼此。(since引导时间状语从句)We haven't seen each other ________________ 3 years ago.答案：since he left

课后课时作业

In the movie Cast Away, Tom Hanks __1__ a man named Chuck. Chuck is a businessman who is always __2__ busy that he has little time for his __3__. He is a successful manager in a company that sends mail all over the world. One day Chuck is __4__ across the Pacific Ocean __5__ suddenly his plane crashes (坠落). Chuck survives (生存) the crash and lands on a(n) __6__ island.

On the island, Chuck has to learn to make a __7__ all alone. He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire. Perhaps the most difficult challenge is __8__to survive without friends. __9__ survive, Chunk develops a friendship with a(n) __10__ friend—a volleyball he calls Wilson.

Chuck learns a lot about __11__when he is alone on the island. He realizes that he hasn't been a very good friend __12__ he has always been thinking about himself. During his five years on the island, Chuck learns how to be a good friend to Wilson. __13__ Wilson is just a volleyball, he becomes __14__ him. He talks to him and treats him as a friend. Chuck learns that we need friends to __15__ happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about. He also learns that he __16__ cared more about his friends. When he makes friends with Wilson, he __17__ that friendship is about __18__ and that we must give as much as we take.

The lesson we can __19__Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers. Friendship helps us understand who we are, why we need each other and __20__ we can do for each other.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了电影《荒岛余生》中，主人公Chuck不寻常的朋友Wilson。本文告诉我们朋友就是老师，朋友帮助我们懂得我们是谁，我们为什么需要彼此，我们能为彼此做些什么。

1．A.shows C．plays

B．adds D．joins

答案：C　在电影Cast Away中，Tom Hanks扮演(play)Chuck。2．A.so C．too

B．such D．well

...

答案：A　Chuck是一个商人，他经常非常忙碌以至于没有时间……。so/such

that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”，so后面加形容词或者副词，such后加名词，busy是形容词，所以此处用so。

3．A.companyC．family

B．friends D．volleyball

答案：B　根据下文“He realizes that he hasn't been a very good friend __12__ he has always been thinking about himself.”以及文章的主旨可知Chuck很忙以至于很少有时间和朋友(friend)在一起。

4．A.swimmingC．flying

B．boating D．surfing

答案：C　由后半句中的“his plane crashes (坠落)”可知，此处Chuck正乘坐飞机飞越(flying)太平洋。

5．A.while C．which

B．where D．when

答案：D　Chuck正乘飞机飞越太平洋，这时突然他的飞机坠落了。sb. be doing sth. when ... 意为“某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……”，故本空应用when。

6．A.alone C．lonely

B．round D．beautiful

答案：C　由下文“Chuck learns a lot about __11__ when he is alone on the island.”可知，这个岛上没有人，这是一个很偏僻的(lonely)岛屿。alone作形容词时不用于名词前。

7．A.house C．boat

B．living D．friend

答案：B　根据下一句“He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire.”可知，Chuck必须学会如何收集水、捕猎食物和生活。这些都是用来生存的技能。make a living意为“生存，谋生”。

8．A.how C．who

B．why D．what

答案：A　Chuck最大的挑战是在没有朋友的情况下如何(how)生存。表示方式应用how。

9．A.SoC．So that

B．In order that D．In order to

答案：D　Chuck与排球发展友谊是为了生存。表示目的用in order to, in order that后接句子，故选D。

10．A.popular C．usual

B．unusual D．lovely

答案：B　为了生存，Chuck与排球发展友谊。根据常识可知排球是不寻常的(unusual)的朋友。

11．A.himselfC．his business

B．his wife D．his company

答案：A　根据下一句“He realizes that he hasn't been a very good friend __12__ he has always been thinking about himself.”可知Chuck对自己进行反思，认为他不是一个好的朋友。因而当他独处孤岛时对他自己(himself)有了更多的了解。

12．A.while C．when

B．since D．because

答案：D　本句中设空后的“he has always been thinking about himself”是设空前的“he hasn't been a very good friend”的原因，故本空应用because来连接。

13．A.Even though C．Since

B．If D．Unless

答案：A　尽管(even though) Wilson仅仅是一个排球，但是Chuck仍然喜欢上这个朋友。

14．A.familiar with C．popular with

B．fond of D．tired of

答案：B　根据设空后的“He talks to him and treats him as a friend.”可知，Chuck喜欢上了(become fond of)这个朋友。become familiar with “变得熟悉”；become popular with “变得受欢迎”；become tired of “对……厌烦”。

15．A.make

B．divide

C．share D．give

答案：C　Chuck了解到我们需要朋友来分享(share)我们的欢乐与悲伤。16．A.need have C．should have

B．must have D．could have

答案：C　从上文可知Chuck对自己有了更多的了解，对他的朋友来说他不是一个好的朋友，所以此处Chuck意识到他以前本来应该(should have done)多关心一下他的朋友，但是他没有这么做。表示“本来应该做某事而实际上没有做”用should

have

done。need

have done “本来需要做某事而没有做”；must have done “一定做过某事”；could have done “本来能够做某事而没有做”。

17．A.requests C．doubts

B．misunderstands D．understands

答案：D　和Wilson交了朋友之后，Chuck懂得了(understand)友谊是一种情感。此处understand与上文多次出现的learn相呼应。

18．A.feel C．reasons

B．feelings D．advice

答案：B　Chuck懂得了友谊是关于情感(feelings)的，人既要得到他人的关爱也必须给他人以同样的关爱。feel和feelings用作名词时二者的意思不同，feel表示“触摸、触觉”，feelings表示“情感、感情”。

19．A.learn from C．learn

B．study D．set down

答案：A　我们从Chuck以及其他有不寻常朋友的人身上得到的教训是朋友就是老师。“从某人或某件事上学到……”应用learn from。

20．A.how C．that

B．which D．what

答案：D　友谊帮助我们懂得我们是谁，我们为什么需要彼此，我们能为彼此做些什么(what)。本空引导宾语从句，从句中do缺少宾语，设空处的意思为“什么”，故应用what。

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to get a friend back

If a good friend is keeping their distance and you want to reach out to them, the best approach is openness, honesty, and a willingness to acknowledge your

friend's feelings. __1__ Here are some specific steps to get a friend back.

__2__

There is most likely a specific reason for the rift (裂缝) in your friendship. Consider the situation as objectively as you can. Even if you feel wronged by your friend, consider the possibility that somewhere along the line you have also hurt them in ways that you weren't aware of.

Beware of assumptions.

If there seems to be no clear reason for your friend's distance, don't jump to conclusions. It may have nothing to do with you. __3__

Think about what you want to say in advance.

If you feel you need to apologize, be specific about what you're apologizing for. __4__ For example, if you've been ignoring your friend because you're spending all your time with a new friend, it isn't appropriate to apologize for spending time with this other person. Instead, talk about how you're sorry you haven't been making time for your friend.

Call your friend or ask to meet.

__5__ Body language can communicate a lot more than just your voices and may help avoid misunderstandings. If you ask to meet, try to avoid unclear phrases like, “We need to talk.” These can put your friend on the defensive. Instead, try a more emotionally rooted approach like, “I miss you，” or “I was just hoping we could spend a little time together.”

A．Reflect on what happened.

B．Talk about things that you'd like to change.C．It's probably best to talk in person if you can.D．Your friend might have something troubling them.E．Make sure it's sincere: what are you really sorry about?F．Both of you might need time to process what the other has said.G．Take your time, be thoughtful, and hopefully you can repair the damage.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何修复一段友谊。

1．G　本空后作者列举了修复一段友谊的步骤，故G项“不要着急、要深思熟虑，(按照步骤)你很有希望修复这段破损的友谊。”切题，统领全文。

2．A　根据本空后两处出现的consider可知，作者建议“反思发生了什么”。3．D　根据本空上一句内容可知，有时候友谊破裂可能跟你没关系，“你的朋友可能自己有一些烦心事”。

4．E　根据本空上一句内容可知，作者建议明确自己要道歉的内容，“要确保道歉很真诚：到底是对于什么感到抱歉”。

5．C　根据本段标题中的meet及本空后的Body language可知，作者建议面对面交谈，即“最好面谈”。

A healthy lifestyle is related to physical and mental fitness. Do you think it is time to make changes to lead__1__ healthier life？Nowadays many people say they just don't get much time to look after__2__(they) health. However, it is what you do and eat every day__3__ guarantees you a healthy body. So make some little changes in your schedule to improve your lifestyle. It's never too late.

These are some suggestions given by health experts __4__ can help you achieve your goal.First of all，add healthy food items to your diet.For example，eating green vegetables and fruit__5__ (be) a must because they contain lots of vitamins and minerals__6__ are necessary to your body. Do remember to exercise__7__(regular) because it will burn extra fats in your body and help you gain control of your__8__(weigh)．If you can't exercise every day, at least go for a walk every day. Sleep at least 8 hours every day__9__(make) you feel fresh and energetic. In addition, many people do some activities every day, __10__ (say) this helps them to develop their mind. There are many things you can do to keep healthy, but exercising will always be at the top.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________

答案：1.a　2.their　3.that　4.which　5.is　6.that/which　7.regularly　8.weight　9.to make　10.saying

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Host family accommodation, or living with host families, remains popular among language travel students for its unique advantages. These days, host families are trying to offer more in terms of quality, for they have something to worry about.

Host family accommodation is often seen as the number one choice for its advantages in language study, cultural communication and the cost of living.

Staying alongside host families enables students to get enough practice for the time of their studying so that they can learn the local language very quickly. You don't know a lot of words and their real meanings until you use them with local people. Living in host families also has the advantage for students of being able to spend a lot of time communicating with their “host parents”， and get to know the local way of life, people and culture. Another advantage is that host family accommodation can sometimes be the least expensive. It attracts students, for it ensures them a family of living at a low cost.

The advantages, however, have not prevented host families from worrying. On the one hand, some host families are losing their unique selling point. The problem is that the majority of hosts in big cities, now generally single and young, have less time available for students，but the selling point for host family accommodation is communication practice. On the other hand, students' expectations have risen. They are becoming more demanding and asking for more than ever from their accommodation, as they come mainly from high socio－economic groups in their own countries.

To get out of the difficult situation, host families are now making efforts to improve the quality of service. They are trying to make living conditions better, including broadband Internet service, private bathrooms, and access to plenty of hot water for long showers. They are also providing to students with structured family activities. It is believed that host family accommodation will keep the popularity for language travel students.

写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章阐明了寄宿家庭虽有优势，但其劣势也在逐渐显现。

[精彩范文]

Host family accommodation attracts language travel students, but host families have something to worry about. (要点1) Host family accommodation enables students to have practice in language with locals, experience the local culture and enjoy a relatively lower living expense. (要点2) Nevertheless, it's gradually losing its appeal because the host family cannot make enough time for the communication and the students have a higher demand for service. (要点3) To

change the current situation, host families are striving to promote their service to retain the students. (要点4)