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紫茎泽兰生物质能源利用技术研究(英文)

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U1斗 Feedstock The straws of Eupatori- um aden0phorum were placed on car‘ bon boards and trampled,with thick・ ness in 20-30 cm.and the ignition materials were then put in entrance of should be opened to promote car- Grinding and sticl【-manufactu ring The carbonized Eupatorium adeno bonization.After Eupatorium adeno- phorum carbonization fr0m the first layer to the Iast one.and sawdust horum straws were ground into carbon powders and sitfed with a sieve.Then, 3%一5%Iime.8%-10%clay and 3%一 turned form yellow to black,sawdust above should be fired on the board di— reclly and then extinguished with water immediately.During the process.at- tention should be paid to sawdust to observe whether the sawdust fired or lighting-up tuyere.Then,sawdust was scattered on Eupato rium adenoDho一 m in order to f¨I the interspaces uni- f0rmlv.The rest can be done in the same manner oN the 1 .2州.3 and 4 Iayers.and the Iast layer should be totally and unifOrmlV covered with 5%grape vine liquid were added。 without any smells.In contrast.if 2%一 3%urotropin and 5%-1 0%phenolic resin were added,the adhesive smelled。Carbon sticks were then made with stick-machine and cut as not.1f fires are found.sawdust should be scattered on time until none smokes are there.In addition。the straw of Eupatorium adenoDhon”n per specific length,to place into a tray. The sticks were then carried into a dry barn for drying.to make into charcoa1. sawdust. Ignition and fire control According to wind direction in carbonization site, should be observed whether car- bonized,and then water be sprayed until none black smokes were found. ignition started in the ventilation open— ings and it is notable that firing should be watched to control the degree.1n practice,the situation of smoking with- Results and Analysis In middle November 2008.car— bonization test with biomass energy was conducted based on Eupatorium adenophorum collected from aban— Extruding charcoaI Eupatorium ad- enophorum.which was not well car— out fires is optima1.For example..f none smokes were found in the armS of an angle,the ventilation openings bonized was selected。and the car— bonized ones were then transported into a stick-machine workshop. doned Iands and barren mountains, and the materials fr0m every site in— Table 1 Carbonization transformation rate and benefits with Eupatorium adenophorum biomass energy cluded 5 test groups.At the very be— the rate reached 1 4.58%.As per mar- combustion value and lerm.On basis of comparisons with german oak s charcoa1.it is proved that the combus— tion term of Eupatorium adenophorum charcoallast Ionger and the combus— ginning,fresh weights of Eupatorium adenophorum were weighed with weeds removed and then transported into a manufactu rinq factory,followed ket price,the profit rate of the pro- cessing achieved 21.40%.which Indi. cated that it is feasible to take Eupato- rium adenophorum as biomass energy by drying after placing in 1 5 d.Then, carbOniza On was conducted in difer. ent groups with the carbon boards for processing. tion value reaches 4.42 xl 0 J/kg,for the value of german oak s charcoaIis Product High quality Characteristics only 3.4x1 0 J/kg. High profits According to product measure- ments and profit analysis,jt can be which were then ground and added with adhesives,and then carbon stick can be made with a stick-machine. and Eval uation After carbonization,Eupatorium adenoDhorum、s added with adhesives without smells or toxin and made into sticks with a stick-machine.Charcoals would be obtained then。which per- forms significant better in terms of Stil1.the sticks were dried in naturaI concluded that the producing rate of charcoaI reaches 1 4.58%with Eupa— torium ad台n9pnD九』rn,namely,1 00 kg Eupatorium adenophorum would pro- (Continued on page 1 057) condition(Table 1). As shown in Table 1.Eupatorium adenophorum collected fr0m two sites could alI processed into charcoal and ZU14 sion of the peasants group:a compar- 1O57 ative study of four cases(草根动员与 因分析)[J].China Land Science(中国 土地科学),2008(6):44—50. 抗争”的批评性讨论)【J】.Society(Z ̄会), 201O(2):198-214. 【22】Scotl,James.C.CHENG L×(程立显), e“ The moral economy of the peas. 农民群体利益的表达机制——四个个 【1 81 YING X(应星).Dahe migrant farmers’ 案的比较研究)[J].Sociological Studies petitioning-fr0m denouncing a view to (社会学研究),2007(2):1—23. resolving(大河移民上访的故事—一从 ants(农民的道义经济学:东南亚的反叛 [1 5】WU Y(吴毅).“Nets of the power-rights structure”and dilemma of peasants “讨个说法”到“摆平理顺’)M】.Beijing: Sanlian Bookstore(北京:三联书店), 2001. 与生存)【M】.Nanjing:Yilin Press(南京: 译林出版社)。2001. group-rights expression(“权力一利益的 结构之网”与农民群体性利益的表达困 『1 9】Cai,Y.2008.Local governments and the suppression of popular resistance f23]Rudolf von Jhering.HU HB.The Strug- gle for Law(为权利而斗争)[M】.Beijing: China Legal Publishing House(北京: 中国法制出版社),2004. 境)【J】.Sociological Studies(社会学研 究),2007(5):21-45. [1 6】WANG L(王丽).Problems on compen. sation system for Iand acquisition and in China.The China Quarterly,1 93. 24-42. [24】YING X(应星).“Qi”and contending politics:research of rural social stabili- [20】YUAN ZB(袁周斌).Practical dificulty rights safeguarding for farmers(征地补 偿制度问题及失地农民的权益保障)【J】. Rural Economy(农业经济),2007(6): 31-33. 【17】TAN SK(谭术魁).Analysis on causes of frequent land expropriation conflicts and solution of petitioning(信访工作的 现实困境及其出路)【J】.Journal of Hubei University of Police(湖北警官学 院学报),201 3(1):44—50. [21]WU CQ(吴长青).From strategies to ethics:a critique of the“rightful resis- ty in modern China(“气”与抗争政治: 当代中国乡村社会稳定问题研究)【M】. Beijing:social sciences academic press(北京:社会科学文献出版社), 2011. in China(中国频繁暴发征地冲突的原 Responsible editor:Xlaoxue WANG tance“f从“策略”到“伦理”——对“依法 Responsible proofreader:Xiaoyan WU (Continued from page 1 038) duce 1 4.58 kg charcoa1.As per market price.the profit rate is 21.40%.and the would occur in combustion.As for charcoal with urotropin and phenolic resin as adhesives.it is naturaI for able to be applied in rural areas HeterenCeS [11 QIANG S(强胜).The history and status of the study on crofton weed(eupatori- production is characterized by Iess in. smells occur in combustion,causing pollution. vestment and wide extension.Com- pared with common charcoaI pro- duced frOm machines.the approach requires simple devices.smal1 work- shop,and less investments。but guar- antees high profits.For example,the Simple operation The charcoal production device um adenophorum spreng.)a worst worldwide weed(世界性恶性杂草一紫 茎泽兰研究的历史及现状1.Journal of Wuhan BotanicaI Research(武汉植物 consists of a carbon pool,a pulvedzer and a stick.machine.Specifically,the carbon poolis made of multiple carbon boards,so that it can be moved to 学研究),1998,16(4):354--360 【2】HAO LQ(郝立勤).suggestions on con— trolling the extension of eupatorium production starts only by 0.5-0.7×1 0 yuan.which wilI resolve the dificulty of financing and increasing farmers’in- comes,as wel1. anywhere by re-assembling,and car- bonization in the distribution area of Eupatorium adenophorum,which save the cost of transpo ̄ation,and the storage of raw materials.The car- adenophorum spreng.f关于加强控制紫 茎泽兰疯狂蔓延危害的建议)『J].Science and Technology Development Re- search(科技发展研究),2001(4):23~25. f31×IANG YX(向业勋).Distribution,dam— ages and controlling suggestions of eu- Environment-friend¨neSs The product produces neither dusts nor smells.Common charcoals produced frOm machines are high— density and easily cause dusts after bonized Eupatorium adenophorum can be graded and selected and the shaped charcoals can be welI orga- patorium adenophorum spreng.农业基 combustion.In contrast.the product will not Ieft dusts or cause room pol- Iution.What’s more.adhesives used nized,followed by washing and drying to package as adsorbents for family. Additionally,carbon powders can be made into charcoals with stick-ma— 础科学与方法(紫茎泽兰的分布危害及 防除意见)『J】.Weed Science(杂草科 学)。1991(4):10-11. 【4】LIANG XY(梁小玉),ZHANG XQ(张新 全).Occurrence characteristics,control and utilization of eupatorium adenop- in the product consist of naturalingre- dients and earth.so that none smells Responsible editor:Xiaoxue WANG chine,which is quite simple,and suit- horum spreng.(紫茎泽兰发生特点防治 及其利用).Journal of Sichuan Grass- land(四JII草原),2004,99(2):13—15. Responsible proofreader:Xiaoyan WU 

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