标准电极电势

Standard Electrode Potentials

下表中所列的标准电极电势（25.0℃，101.325kPa）是相对于标准氢电极电势的值。标准氢电极电势被规定为零伏特（0.0V）。

标准电极电势

Standard Electrode Potentials

序号(No.) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

电极过程(Electrode process)

Ag++e═Ag Ag+e═Ag

2+

+

E/V 0.7996 1.980 0.0713 0.546 0.222 -0.017 0.470 0.465 0.447 0.779

Å

AgBr+e═Ag+Br

-

AgBrO3+e═Ag+BrO3

-

AgCl+e═Ag+Cl

-

AgCN+e═Ag+CN

-

Ag2CO3+2e═2Ag+CO32- Ag2C2O4+2e═2Ag+C2O4

2-

Ag2CrO4+2e═2Ag+CrO4

2-

AgF+e═Ag+F-

Ag4[Fe(CN)6]+4e═4Ag+[Fe(CN)6]

4-

0.148 -0.152 0.354 0.457 0.373 0.5 0.342 0.607 -0.691 -0.0366 0.05 0.363 0.654 0.466

AgI+e═Ag+I

-

AgIO3+e═Ag+IO3- Ag2MoO4+2e═2Ag+MoO4

2-

[Ag(NH3)2]+e═Ag+2NH3

+

AgNO2+e═Ag+NO2- Ag2O+H2O+2e═2Ag+2OH

-

2AgO+H2O+2e═Ag2O+2OH

-

Ag2S+2e═2Ag+S2- Ag2S+2H+2e═2Ag+H2S

+

AgSCN+e═Ag+SCN

-

Ag2SeO4+2e═2Ag+SeO42- Ag2SO4+2e═2Ag+SO4

2-

Ag2WO4+2e═2Ag+WO4

2-

25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 2-2+Al3+3e═Al AlF6+3e═Al+6F 3---1.662 -2.069 -2.31 -2.35 -2.048 2.60 1.75 -0.608 -Al(OH)3+3e═Al+3OH -AlO2+2H2O+3e═Al+4OH --Am+3e═Am 3+Am+e═Am 4+3+AmO2+4H+3e═Am+2H2O +3+As+3H+3e═AsH3 +As+3H2O+3e═AsH3+3OH As2O3+6H+6e═2As+3H2O +-1.37 0.234 0.248 -0.68 0.560 -0.71 -0.75 -0.60 1.692 1.498 1.401 0.959 0.854 1.15 1.002 0.50 HAsO2+3H++3e═As+2H2O AsO2+2H2O+3e═As+4OH --H3AsO4+2H+2e═HAsO2+2H2O +AsO43-+2H2O+2e═AsO2-+4OH- AsS2+3e═As+2S -2-AsS4+2e═ AsS2+2S 3--2-Au++e═Au Au+3e═Au 3+Au+2e═Au 3++AuBr2-+e═Au+2Br- AuBr4+3e═Au+4Br --AuCl2+e═Au+2Cl --AuCl4-+3e═Au+4Cl- AuI+e═Au+I-- -Au(SCN)4+3e═Au+4SCN Au(OH)3+3H++3e═Au+3H2O BF4+3e═B+4F --0.66 1.45 -1.04 H2BO3+H2O+3e═B+4OH ---1.79 -.0481 -2.912 B(OH)3+7H++8e═BH4-+3H2O Ba+2e═Ba 2+Ba(OH)2+2e═Ba+2OH --2.99 -1.847 Be2++2e═Be Be2O3+3H2O+4e═2Be+6OH --2.63 0.5 0.308 Bi+e═Bi +Bi3++3e═Bi BiCl4+3e═Bi+4Cl --0.16 0.16 BiOCl+2H+3e═Bi+Cl+H2O +-62 63 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98

Bi2O3+3H2O+6e═2Bi+6OH

--0.46 1.593 0.56 1.087 1.066 0.761 1.423 0.61 1.482 1.331 1.574 0.59 0.19 -0.12 0.373 0.77 -0.12 -0.199 -2.868 -3.02 -0.403 -0.352 -1.09 -0.783 -1.17 -0.246 -2.336 -1.437 1.4 1.358 0. 1.482 1.611 0.76 1.47 1.451 0.62

Bi2O4+4H+2e═2BiO+2H2O

+

+

Bi2O4+H2O+2e═ Bi2O3+2OH

-

Br2(水溶液,aq)+2e═2Br

-

Br2(液体)+2e═2Br

-

BrO+H2O+2e═Br+2OH

--

BrO3+6H+6e═Br+3H2O

-+

-

BrO3+3H2O+6e═Br+6OH

---

2BrO3+12H+10e═Br2+6H2O

-+

HBrO+H+2e═Br+H2O

+

-

2HBrO+2H++2e═Br2(水溶液,aq)+2H2O

CH3OH+2H+2e═CH4+H2O

+

HCHO+2H+2e═CH3OH

+

CH3COOH+2H++2e═CH3CHO+H2O (CN)2+2H+2e═2HCN

+

(CNS)2+2e═2CNS

-

CO2+2H++2e═CO+H2O CO2+2H+2e═HCOOH

+

Ca+2e═Ca

2+

Ca(OH)2+2e═Ca+2OH-

Cd+2e═Cd

2+

Cd+2e═Cd(Hg)

2+

Cd(CN)42-+2e═Cd+4CN- CdO+H2O+2e═Cd+2OH

-

CdS+2e═Cd+S

2-

CdSO4+2e═Cd+SO42- Ce+3e═Ce

3+

Ce+3e═Ce(Hg)

3+

CeO2+4H++e═Ce3++2H2O Cl2(气体)+2e═2Cl

-

ClO+H2O+2e═Cl+2OH

---

HClO+H++2e═Cl-+H2O 2HClO+2H+2e═Cl2+2H2O

+

ClO2+2H2O+4e═Cl+4OH

---

2ClO3-+12H++10e═Cl2+6H2O ClO3+6H+6e═Cl+3H2O

-+

-

ClO3+3H2O+6e═Cl+6OH

---

99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135

ClO4+8H+8e═Cl+4H2O

-+

-1.38 1.39 -2.04 -0.28

2ClO4+16H+14e═Cl2+8H2O

-+

Cm+3e═Cm

3+

Co+2e═Co

2+

[Co(NH3)6]+e═[Co(NH3)6]

3+

2+0.108 -0.43 -0.73 0.17 -0.913 -0.407 -0.744

[Co(NH3)6]+2e═Co+6NH3

2+

Co(OH)2+2e═Co+2OH

-

Co(OH)3+e═Co(OH)2+OH

-

Cr+2e═Cr

2+

Cr+e═Cr

3+

2+

Cr3++3e═Cr [Cr(CN)6]+e═[Cr(CN)6]

3-4-

-1.28 -1.48 1.232 -1.2 1.350 -0.13 -2.92 0.521 0.342 0.345 0.66 0.57 0.86

Cr(OH)3+3e═Cr+3OH

-

Cr2O72-+14H++6e═2Cr3++7H2O CrO2+2H2O+3e═Cr+4OH

--

HCrO4+7H+3e═Cr+4H2O

-+

3+

CrO42-+4H2O+3e═Cr(OH)3+5OH-

Cs+e═Cs

+

Cu+e═Cu

+

Cu2++2e═Cu Cu+2e═Cu(Hg)

2+

Cu+Br+e═CuBr

2+

-

Cu2++Cl-+e═CuCl Cu+I+e═CuI

2+

-

Cu+2CN+e═[Cu(CN)2]

2+

--1.103 0.05 0.19 0.00 -0.360 -0.222 -0.080 -0.70 -0.27 -2.2 -2.295 -2.0 -2.331

CuBr2-+e═Cu+2Br- CuCl2+e═Cu+2Cl

--

CuI2+e═Cu+2I

--

Cu2O+H2O+2e═2Cu+2OH- Cu(OH)2+2e═Cu+2OH

-

2Cu(OH)2+2e═Cu2O+2OH+H2O

-

CuS+2e═Cu+S2- CuSCN+e═Cu+SCN

-

Dy+2e═Dy

2+

Dy3++3e═Dy Er+2e═Er

2+

Er+3e═Er

3+

136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 1 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172

Es+2e═Es

2+-2.23 -1.91 -2.812 -1.991 3.053 2.153 -0.447 -0.037

4-

Es+3e═Es

3+

Eu+2e═Eu

2+

Eu+3e═Eu

3+

F2+2H+2e═2HF

+

F2O+2H+4e═H2O+2F

+

-

Fe+2e═Fe

2+

Fe+3e═Fe

3+

[Fe(CN)6]+e═[Fe(CN)6]

3-0.358 -1.5 0.4 -0.877 -0.56 1.23 -1. -2.9 -0.549

[Fe(CN)6]+2e═Fe+6CN

4--

FeF63-+e═Fe2++6F- Fe(OH)2+2e═Fe+2OH

-

Fe(OH)3+e═Fe(OH)2+OH

-

Fe3O4+8H++2e═3Fe2++4H2O

Fm+3e═Fm

3+

Fr+e═Fr

+

Ga3++3e═Ga H2GaO3+H2O+3e═Ga+4OH

--

-1.29 -2.279 0.24 0.0 -0.118 -0.273 -0.182 0.0000 -2.25

Gd+3e═Gd

3+

Ge2++2e═Ge Ge+2e═Ge

4+

2+

GeO2+2H+2e═GeO(棕色)+H2O

+

GeO2+2H++2e═GeO(黄色)+H2O H2GeO3+4H+4e═Ge+3H2O

+

2H+2e═H2

+

H2+2e═2H- 2H2O+2e═H2+2OH

-

-0.8277 -1.55 0.851 0.797 0.920 0.1392 0.21 0.2681 0.63 0.54 -0.0405

Hf+4e═Hf

4+

Hg2++2e═Hg Hg2+2e═2Hg

2+

2Hg+2e═Hg2

2+

2+

Hg2Br2+2e═2Hg+2Br- HgBr4+2e═Hg+4Br

2--

Hg2Cl2+2e═2Hg+2Cl

-

2HgCl2+2e═Hg2Cl2+2Cl- Hg2CrO4+2e═2Hg+CrO4

2-

Hg2I2+2e═2Hg+2I

-

173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 1 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 Hg2O+H2O+2e═2Hg+2OH -0.123 0.0977 -0.70 -0.67 0.22 0.613 -2.1 -2.33 0.5355 0.536 1.02 0.30 1.439 0.987 0.485 1.195 1.085 0.15 0.26 0.21 1.601 -0.14 -0.338 HgO+H2O+2e═Hg+2OH -HgS(红色)+2e═Hg+S 2-HgS(黑色)+2e═Hg+S 2-Hg2(SCN)2+2e═2Hg+2SCN -Hg2SO4+2e═2Hg+SO4 2-Ho+2e═Ho 2+Ho+3e═Ho 3+I2+2e═2I -I3+2e═3I --2IBr+2e═I2+2Br- ICN+2e═I+CN --2HIO+2H+2e═I2+2H2O +HIO+H++2e═I-+H2O IO+H2O+2e═I+2OH ---2IO3+12H+10e═I2+6H2O -+IO3-+6H++6e═I-+3H2O IO3+2H2O+4e═IO+4OH ---IO3+3H2O+6e═I+6OH ---2IO3-+6H2O+10e═I2+12OH- H5IO6+H+2e═IO3+3H2O +-In+e═In +In3++3e═In In(OH)3+3e═In+3OH --0.99 1.156 0.99 0.867 -2.931 -2.379 Ir+3e═Ir 3+IrBr62-+e═ IrBr63- IrCl6+e═IrCl6 2-3-K+e═K +La3++3e═La La(OH)3+3e═La+3OH --2.90 -3.040 -1.96 -2.28 -2.40 -1.65 -2.372 Li+e═Li +Lr3++3e═Lr Lu+3e═Lu 3+Md+2e═Md 2+Md3++3e═Md Mg+2e═Mg 2+Mg(OH)2+2e═Mg+2OH --2.690 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 2-Mn+2e═Mn 2+-1.185 1.542 1.224 1.679 1.507 0.595 -1.56 -0.200 -Mn+3e═Mn 3+MnO2+4H+2e═Mn+2H2O +2+MnO4+4H+3e═MnO2+2H2O -+MnO4+8H+5e═Mn+4H2O -+2+MnO4+2H2O+3e═MnO2+4OH --Mn(OH)2+2e═Mn+2OH -Mo+3e═Mo 3+MoO4+4H2O+6e═Mo+8OH N2+2H2O+6H+6e═2NH4OH +-1.05 0.092 1.42 0.76 1.297 0.934 0.01 -0.85 -2.713 -1.099 -0.690 -0.4 -2.1 -2.323 -0.257 -0.45 -0.72 1.678 -2.50 -1.20 -1.856 -0.962 1.229 0.401 1.24 0.85 0.4 -0.15 0.838 2NH3OH++H++2e═N2H5++2H2O 2NO+H2O+2e═N2O+2OH -2HNO2+4H+4e═N2O+3H2O +NO3-+3H++2e═HNO2+H2O NO3+H2O+2e═NO2+2OH ---2NO3+2H2O+2e═N2O4+4OH --Na++e═Na Nb+3e═Nb 3+NbO2+4H+4e═Nb+2H2O +Nb2O5+10H++10e═2Nb+5H2O Nd+2e═Nd 2+Nd+3e═Nd 3+Ni2++2e═Ni NiCO3+2e═Ni+CO3 2-Ni(OH)2+2e═Ni+2OH -NiO2+4H++2e═Ni2++2H2O No+2e═No 2+No+3e═No 3+Np3++3e═Np NpO2+H2O+H+e═Np(OH)3 +O2+4H+4e═2H2O +O2+2H2O+4e═4OH- O3+H2O+2e═O2+2OH -Os+2e═Os 2+OsCl63-+e═Os2++6Cl- OsO2+2H2O+4e═Os+4OH -OsO4+8H+8e═Os+4H2O +247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 2 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 OsO4+4H+4e═OsO2+2H2O +1.02 -0.87 -1.82 -0.499 -0.454 -0.276 -1.05 -1.34 -1.49 -0.126 -0.121 -0.284 -0.268 -0.506 -0.344 -0.365 -0.580 0.25 1.455 -0.537 1.691 -0.359 0.915 P+3H2O+3e═PH3(g)+3OH -H2PO2+e═P+2OH --H3PO3+2H+2e═H3PO2+H2O +H3PO3+3H+3e═P+3H2O +H3PO4+2H+2e═H3PO3+H2O +-PO4+2H2O+2e═HPO3+3OH 3-2--Pa+3e═Pa 3+Pa+4e═Pa 4+Pb+2e═Pb 2+Pb2++2e═Pb(Hg) PbBr2+2e═Pb+2Br -PbCl2+2e═Pb+2Cl -PbCO3+2e═Pb+CO32- PbF2+2e═Pb+2F -PbI2+2e═Pb+2I -PbO+H2O+2e═Pb+2OH- PbO+4H+2e═Pb+H2O +PbO2+4H+2e═Pb+2H2O +2HPbO2-+H2O+2e═Pb+3OH- PbO2+SO4+4H+2e═PbSO4+2H2O 2-+PbSO4+2e═Pb+SO4 2-Pd2++2e═Pd PdBr4+2e═Pd+4Br 2--0.6 0.73 0.07 -2.20 -2.30 0.76 -2.0 -2.353 1.18 -PdO2+H2O+2e═PdO+2OH -Pd(OH)2+2e═Pd+2OH- Pm+2e═Pm 2+Pm+3e═Pm 3+Po4++4e═Po Pr+2e═Pr 2+Pr+3e═Pr 3+Pt2++2e═Pt [PtCl6]+2e═[PtCl4]+2Cl 2-2-0.68 0.14 1.00 -0.83 -2.031 Pt(OH)2+2e═Pt+2OH -PtO2+4H++4e═Pt+2H2O PtS+2e═Pt+S 2-Pu+3e═Pu 3+284 285 286 287 288 2 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320

Pu+e═Pu

5+

4+1.099 -2.8 -2.98 0.300 0.251 0.510 -0.584 0.600 0.758 0.455 1.120 1.40 -0.476 0.142 0.5 -0.571 -1.12 -0.93 -0.510 0.152 0.581 -0.59 -2.077

-

Ra+2e═Ra

2+

Rb+e═Rb

+

Re+3e═Re

3+

ReO2+4H+4e═Re+2H2O

+

ReO4+4H+3e═ReO2+2H2O

-+

ReO4+4H2O+7e═Re+8OH

--

Rh+2e═Rh

2+

Rh+3e═Rh

3+

Ru+2e═Ru

2+

RuO2+4H++2e═Ru2++2H2O RuO4+6H+4e═Ru(OH)2+2H2O

+

2+

S+2e═S

2-

S+2H++2e═H2S(水溶液,aq) S2O6+4H+2e═2H2SO3

2-+

2SO3+3H2O+4e═S2O3+6OH

2-2--

2SO32-+2H2O+2e═S2O42-+4OH- SO4+H2O+2e═SO3+2OH

2-2--

Sb+3H+3e═SbH3

+

Sb2O3+6H++6e═2Sb+3H2O Sb2O5+6H+4e═2SbO+3H2O

+

+

SbO3+H2O+2e═SbO2+2OH

---

Sc3++3e═Sc Sc(OH)3+3e═Sc+3OH

Se+2e═Se

2-

-2.6 -0.924 -0.399 -0.74 -0.366 0.05 0.102 -0.73 -1.24 -0.857 -1.697 -2.68 -2.304 -0.138

Se+2H++2e═H2Se(水溶液,aq) H2SeO3+4H+4e═Se+3H2O

+

SeO3+3H2O+4e═Se+6OH

2--

SeO42-+H2O+2e═SeO32-+2OH- Si+4H+4e═SiH4(气体)

+

Si+4H2O+4e═SiH4+4OH

-

SiF62-+4e═Si+6F- SiO2+4H+4e═Si+2H2O

+

SiO3+3H2O+4e═Si+6OH

2--

Sm2++2e═Sm Sm+3e═Sm

3+

Sn+2e═Sn

2+

321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357

2-

Sn+2e═Sn

4+

2+0.151 -0.19 -0.25 0.142 -0.117 -0.93 -2.9 -1.793 -2.88 -0.6 -2.28 0.400 0.472 -0.311 -1.143 0.568 -1.9 -1.630 -1.37 -0.502 0.1 -0.336 0.741 1.36 -0.658 -0.557 -0.752

-

SnCl4+2e═Sn+4Cl(1mol/LHCl)

-

SnF6+4e═Sn+6F

2--

Sn(OH)3+3H+2e═Sn+3H2O

-+

2+

SnO2+4H+4e═Sn+2H2O

+

Sn(OH)6+2e═HSnO2+3OH+H2O

2---

Sr+2e═Sr

2+

Sr+2e═Sr(Hg)

2+

Sr(OH)2+2e═Sr+2OH

-

Ta+3e═Ta

3+

Tb3++3e═Tb Tc+2e═Tc

2+

TcO4+8H+7e═Tc+4H2O

-+

TcO4-+2H2O+3e═TcO2+4OH-

Te+2e═Te

2-

Te+4e═Te

4+

Th4++4e═Th Ti+2e═Ti

2+

Ti+3e═Ti

3+

TiO2+4H++2e═Ti2++2H2O TiO+2H+e═Ti+H2O

2+

+

3+

Tl+e═Tl

+

Tl3++3e═Tl Tl+Cl+2e═TlCl

3+

-

TlBr+e═Tl+Br

-

TlCl+e═Tl+Cl- TlI+e═Tl+I

-

Tl2O3+3H2O+4e═2Tl+6OH

+0.02 -0.34 -0.436 -2.4 -2.319 -1.798 -1.40 0.612 -1.444 -1.175

TlOH+e═Tl+OH- Tl2SO4+2e═2Tl+SO4

2-

Tm+2e═Tm

2+

Tm3++3e═Tm U+3e═U

3+

UO2+4H+4e═U+2H2O

+

UO2++4H++e═U4++2H2O UO2+4H+6e═U+2H2O

2+

+

V+2e═V

2+

358 359 360 361 362 363 3 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372

VO+2H+e═V+H2O

2+

+

3+0.337 0.991 0.668 -0.242 0.1 -0.090 -0.031 -2.372 -2.76 -2.19 -0.7618 -0.7628 -1.249 -1.40

VO2+2H+e═VO+H2O

+

+

2+

VO2+4H+2e═V+2H2O

+

+

3+

V2O5+10H+10e═2V+5H2O

+

W+3e═W

3+

WO3+6H+6e═W+3H2O

+

W2O5+2H+2e═2WO2+H2O

+

Y+3e═Y

3+

Yb+2e═Yb

2+

Yb+3e═Yb

3+

Zn2++2e═Zn Zn+2e═Zn(Hg)

2+

Zn(OH)2+2e═Zn+2OH

-

ZnS+2e═Zn+S2- ZnSO4+2e═Zn(Hg)+SO4

2-

-0.799