2023届黑龙江省佳木斯市郊区佳木斯市第一中学模拟预测英语试题

语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

Throughout the past year, we followed some interesting new inventions in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Here is a look back at some notable AI developments in 2022.

Meta’s speech-to-speech translation

’s parent Meta said it had built a technology tool to directly translate between English and the Hokkien language, a spoken language without a widely used written form.

Meta said it trained its AI models on written text examples from Mandarin Chinese. In addition, developers used an encoding (编码) tool designed to compare spoken Hokkien lo similar English text.

Method to identify Parkinson’s disease

Researchers announced a new AI method to identify Parkinson’s disease. The system works by measuring a person’s breathing patterns during sleep. With just one night of sleep, the Al system was able to correctly identify Parkinson’s up to 86 percent of the time. With 12 nights of data, the rate went up to 95 percent.

Tool to interpret pig emotions

Researchers announced they had created a technology tool that uses pig sounds to interpret different emotions.

The tool is based on thousands of recordings collected from more than 400 pigs throughout their lives. The scientists developed an AI-driven algorithm (算法) to identify a series of emotions pigs could be experiencing. It is expected to lead to further systems farmers can use to improve the productivity and well-being of their animals.

Tool to fill in missing words in ancient writings

Researchers - led by Alphabet’s AI company DeepMind - said they developed an AI system to help fill in missing words in ancient writings. The tool, called Ithaca, is designed to help historians repair the writings and identify when and where they were written.

The team said that when historians work on their own, the success rat: for repairing damaged writings is about 25 percent. But when humans teamed up with Ithaca to assist in their work, the success rate jumped to 72 percent.

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1．Which can be used for cross-cultural communication? A．Tool to interpret pig emotions. B．Meta’s speech-to-speech translation. C．Method to identify Parkinson’s disease. D．Tool to fill in missing words in ancient writings. 2．Who will most probably be interested in Ithaca? A．A farmer.

B．A doctor.

C．A zoologist.

D．A historian.

3．What do the inventions have in common? A．They are AI-driven technology tools. B．They are developed by . C．They aim to promote productivity. D．They focus on health issues.

Amy, a day old, was abandoned at a police station in Seoul. Her birth parents couldn’t afford to give Amy the appropriate healthcare then. She spent her first three months in an orphanage before she was adopted. “I always thought, why should I be more thankful to my adoptive parents than the next person?” she says.

In 2011, Amy reconnected with her birth mother in South Korea, her adoptive mum by her side. “My Korean mother took my American mother’s hands in hers and said with tears, ‘Thank you.’ After that, my whole world changed,” Amy says. At the time, she was working in the e-commerce sector and struggling with anxiety, depression and an eating disorder. Reconnecting with her birth family, however made her feel like the luckiest person in the world and she wanted to actively share her good fortune. That year, she quit her job and co-founded the Global Gratitude Alliance, which partners with grassroots organizations to create community-led solutions or social and economic change.

Since then, a reflexive sense of thankfulness has become Amy’s frame of reference for work, relationships and daily life in general. She tried to rethink her world view, appreciate the little things and make connections with others. For Amy, the attitude shift helped her overcome health issues—she didn’t need the drugs any more after she returned from Korea.

Those positive effects inspired Amy to share the experience with others. Through a partnership with a home for orphaned children in Nepal, the Global Gratitude Alliance provided teachers with workshops that concluded with a ceremony of giving thanks. The

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participants used those techniques to help their students and community after the destructive earthquake of 2015. Children from the school recently visited a local seniors’ home to build relationships with the residents there. “Gratitude creates a cycle of giving and receiving,” Amy says.

4．What can we know from the passage? A．Amy was raised by an American couple. B．Amy received proper treatment as an infant. C．Amy was more thankful to her birth mother. D．Amy was orphaned three months after her birth. 5．What played a key role in Amy’s change? A．Her job quitting

C．The struggle against her disease.

B．The reunion with her birth mother. D．The connections with volunteers.

6．What can we know about members of the Global Gratitude Alliance? A．They hosted ceremonies in workshops. B．They sought partners for orphaned children. C．They built relations with adoptive parents. D．They contributed to post-disaster service. 7．What is the text mainly about? A．Good fortune inspires people a lot. C．Family reunion gets positive effects.

Mass communication is a very broad field which includes advertising, mass promotion, political campaigns, public relations, mass education and even the way you interact with other people. It covers just about everything you do in your daily life. Some characteristics of mass communication are: communication, information overload, group effort and feedback. There are some more that are less often mentioned but are just as important as the ones that have been listed above.

The most basic feature of communication is interaction. Interaction takes the form of communication where you can interpret what someone is trying to say. For example, when a person says “How are you?” and you respond in a loud voice or in a concerned manner, it’s considered interaction.

Another characteristic of mass communication that you’ll come across is a large number

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B．Reflection helps build frame of life. D．Gratitude needs to be widely spread.

of receivers. When communicating with a group of people, it is important to keep in mind that each receiver will bring different characteristics to the table when communicating. Different receivers will take up different topics and bring a different set of characteristics to the table. In some cases, you will need to communicate with many different types of receiver in order for your communication ideas to be fully expressed and taken into full effect. You should therefore consider the characteristics of your receivers when planning your communication strategies.

New media is also impacting communication. Each type of new medium has diverse different ways in which it can deliver messages. You can make use of several types of communication in many cases and reach a wide range of target audiences. For example, you can use the Internet in order to communicate with your audience. As a result, the amount of information also in turn becomes too much for the human mind to process in a timely and effective manner. This overload is not only unsound, but it also tends to make people impatient, which finally takes the form of arguments and other types of exchanges that are based on facts, assumptions or personal experiences. However, although you may have to deal with some constraints, the Internet is still a very powerful tool that should not be ignored.

8．What role does the example given by the author in the second paragraph play? A．Explain the importance of politeness. B．Explain the concept of interaction.

C．Explain the characteristics of communication. D．Explain what body language is.

9．Why should we consider different receivers when planning communication? A．Because communicators have many different characteristics on the dinner table. B．So that your ideas can be accurately expressed and play a role. C．In order to better improve your communication strategy. D．Because the receivers have different views on different topics. 10．Why does communication often take the form of argument?

A．Because there are too many types of communication. B．Because people have different experiences. C．Because the new media is not perfect. D．Because overloaded information is boring.

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11．What is the author’s attitude towards mass communication?

A．Uncaring. C．Objective.

In the animal kingdom, mimics (模仿) are not rare. Stick insects pretend to be twigs. Hawk moth caterpillars resemble poisonous snakes. The examples, though, are visual. Auditory mimicry is rarer. Danilo Russo of the University of Naples Federico II thinks he has found a novel case of it, as he describes in Current Biology. Some bats, he believes, mimic angry bees in order to scare away owls that might otherwise eat them.

Dr. Russo first noticed bat buzzing a few years ago. The noise struck him as similar to the sound of some bees. He wondered whether bat buzzing was a form of mimicry which helped to scare off would-be predators.

To test this idea, he and his colleagues first recorded the buzzing that captured bats made. Then, with protective clothing, they began the more dangerous task of recording the buzzing made by different bees. Computer analysis revealed that bees’ and bats’ buzzing were, indeed, similar.

Then the researchers recruited several owls. They put the owls, one at a time, in an enclosure with branches for them to stay on, and two boxes with holes in them. They placed a loudspeaker alongside one of the boxes and, after the birds had settled in, broadcast through it five seconds of uninterrupted bat buzzing and a similar amount of insect buzzing three times in a row for each noise. As a control, they broadcast in like manner several non-buzzing sounds made by bats.

During the broadcasts and for five minutes thereafter, they videoed the owls. After analysis, the results were unequivocal. When they heard both the bat buzzing and the bee buzzing, the owls moved as far from the speakers as they could. In contrast, when the non-buzzing bat sounds were played, they crept closer.

Dr. Russo believes this is the first reported case of a mammal using auditory mimicry to scare away a predator. They strongly suspect, however, that it is not unique. Anecdotes suggest several birds also make buzzing noises when their nests are disturbed. And with the result of the experiment, he therefore predicts that auditory mimicry is far more widespread than currently realized.

12．What was Dr. Russo’s assumption of the study?

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B．Indifferent. D．Subjective.

A．Bats imitate the voice of angry bees to frighten away enemies. B．The buzzing of bats is similar to the sound of some bees. C．Auditory mimicry is rather common in the animal kingdom. D．Only some bats have the capacity of auditory mimicry. 13．How did Dr. Russo test his idea?

A．By consulting experts in this field. C．By collecting computer data. experiments.

14．What does the underlined word “unequivocal” in paragraph 5 possibly mean?

A．Disappointing. B．Controversial. 15．What is a suitable title for the text?

A．A New Trick to Scare Away Owls

B．Animal Mimicry: Buzz off C．Definite.

D．Uncertain.

B．By referring to other scholars’ analysis. D．By conducting series of scientific

C．A Self-protection Behavior among Animals D．Bats: No More Victim to Owls

二、七选五

When germs, such as bacteria or viruses, invade the body, they attack and multiply. 16 The immune system uses several tools to fight infection（感染）. Blood contains red blood cells, for carrying oxygen to tissues and organs, and white or immune cells, for fighting infection. These white cells consist primarily of macrophages（巨噬细胞）, B cells and T cells.

Macrophages swallow up and digest germs, plus dead and dying cells. They leave behind parts of the invading germs called antigens（抗原）. 17 B cells are defensive white blood cells which produce antibodies. T cells are also defensive white blood cells. They attack cells in the body that have already been infected.

The first time the body comes across a germ, it can take several days to make and use all the germ fighting tools needed to get over the infection. After the infection, the immune system remembers what is learned about how to protect the body against that disease.

18 They help develop immunity by imitating an infection. This type of infection, however, almost never causes illness, but it does cause the immune system to produce T cells and antibodies. Sometimes, after getting a vaccine （疫苗）, the imitation infection can cause minor symptoms. For instance, a fever. 19 试卷第6页，共11页

Once the imitation infection goes away, the body is left with a supply of defensive cells that will remember how to find that disease in the future. 20 Therefore, it is possible that a person infected with the disease just before or just after vaccination could develop symptoms and get a disease, because the vaccine has not had enough time to provide protection.

A．Vaccines basically work the same way.

B．This invasion, called an infection, is what causes illness. C．Vaccines prevent diseases that can be dangerous, or even deadly D．Scientists take many different approaches to developing vaccines. E．The body identifies them as dangers and excites antibodies to attack them.

F．Such minor symptoms are normal and should be expected as the body builds immunity.

G．However, it typically takes a few weeks for the body to produce those defensive cells after vaccination.

三、完形填空

Bingley, a Sayre School student from America, decided that he would devote himself to studying the environment to have a broad influence on the community. To reduce the carbon footprint, Bingley planned to 21 enough solar energy to power the school’s science labs. Now his plan is set to happen. To fix 30 solar panels is 22 for late November. As he began his research 23 solar energy, he discovered a useful phone app. By entering an address, he could find out how much sunlight the 24 receives each day. Based on the data, he found that his school building was the best position. At the suggestion of his science teacher, Debbie Wheeler, he first performed an energy 25 of the science lab to see how much energy a typical lab uses per day. Then, he started his research, 26 a local company of solar panels to do the job. He lacked money for starting the project, so he 27 Sayre’s head to support him after explaining the 28 of solar power for the school and community. Since Sayre provided the 29 seed money to provide infrastructure and the purchase of one panel, the project has 30 to include a total of 30 panels. They are 试卷第7页，共11页

expected to produce enough energy to 31 all the science labs on campus.

“It feels like a dream to think that an idea I had from my AP Environmental class would have this kind of 32 ,” said Bingley, expressing gratitude for Wheeler’s help. Wheeler said the success was due to Bingley’s efforts and 33 to follow through on the project from start to finish. “I’ve had other students talk about 34 initiatives (倡议) on campus, but Bingley had the persistence and courage to make it happen,” she said.

Bingley said that he would 35 like to study environmental engineering at university. 21．A．explore 22．A．defined 23．A．beyond 24．A．location 25．A．income 26．A．employing 27．A．convinced 28．A．causes 29．A．initial 30．A．awarded 31．A．decorate 32．A．influence 33．A．caution 34．A．cultural 35．A．casually

B．invest B．identified B．on B．destination B．allowance B．contacting B．demanded B．plots B．flexible B．grown B．furnish B．criterion B．encouragement B．environmental B．deliberately

C．produce C．output C．with C．transmission C．budget C．protecting C．refreshed C．benefits C．optional C．rewarded C．run C．experience C．inspiration C．practical C．eventually

D．switch D．scheduled D．through D．occasion D．calculation D．urging D．submitted D．origins D．sustainable D．sponsored D．equip D．management D．willingness D．theoretical D．gradually

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The city of Zibo has never seen so many visitors.

As the sun begins to set, the aroma of sizzling meat falls the air and draws in more 36 (hunger) customers. On each street, queues stretch outside restaurants for more than a hundred meters. Some restaurants even run out of key ingredients as early as 7p.m. 37 the night. All hotels are also operating at full capacity.

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The city was barely known by outsiders 38 it went viral on Chinese social media platforms recently. Most visitors are young people, who share their experience of traveling to Zibo to experience the city’s barbecue culture on social platforms, 39 (attract) even more visitors.

Zibo- style barbecue’s classic three-piece set contains roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread, which, 40 (combine), make a mouth-watering combo (组合). The fame of Zibo barbecue used to be limited to just Shandong Province. 41 (previous), barbecue in Northeast China was much more popular across the country.

Behind Zibo’s sudden fame 42 (be) the efforts and services of the local government, as well as a good reputation of local businesses, 43 receive favorable reviews from visitors who share their experiences online.

To promote Zibo-style barbecue, Zibo has launched two dozen “special barbecue trains,” where local tourism officials would serve tourists 44 (they). At the city’s train station, shuttle buses transport tourists to various barbecue stalls directly. Netizens joke that the high-speed trains 45 (pack) with visiting tourists and that the air onboard is filled with cumin.

五、汉译英（单词/短语） 汉译英 46．a v. 承认；感谢 47．t adj. 仔细的；彻底的 48．s v. 吹过；略过 49．c v. 使转化；使转换 50．o adj. 杰出的；优秀的 51．h n. 地平线；眼界 52．p adj. 具有强烈信念的；热爱的 53．b n. 微风 54．t v. 颤抖；发抖 55．w v. 退出

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六、邀请信

56．假如你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办一次以“端午节”为主题的英语沙龙（salon）。请给你校英国交换生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加。 内容包括： 1. 沙龙的目的； 2. 时间和地点； 3. 活动安排。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim,

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Yours, Li Hua

七、读后续写

57．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Most of us never forget the person that was there for us in our darkest times. Apparently, penguins (企鹅) don’t either.

On a typical day, off the coast of a small Brazilian island, Joao Pereira de Souza headed out fishing. He was disheartened to find that an oil leak had polluted the waters. Staring out at the oily waves, he decided it was not a good day to fish. But walking on the beach that day, he found a struggling penguin, covered in oil and starving.

Joao took the penguin home, and spent a whole week gently cleaning it and nursing it back to health. He named it Dindim, a Portuguese word meaning “ice pop”. Dindim is a Magellanic penguin, a species known for living in the seas of South America. In order to breed (繁殖), they must return to Patagonia, 5,000 miles from Joao’s home.

After a week of rehabilitation (康复), Joao patiently took Dindim back to the sea and

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taught it how to swim again. When Dindim could swim quite well, Joao took it out into the sea by boat and dropped it off to encourage it to swim back to its home. But when he was back to shore, he found the penguin waiting for him. Joao made two more attempts later, but each time the bird would just return to Joao’s home. It seemed that Dindim had already formed a family bond with Joao and wouldn’t leave.

Joao had no choice but to keep the little creature. During the following months, Dindim would follow behind Joao to fish on the coast joyfully. Dindim also liked to lie on Joao’s lap, letting Joao give it showers, allowing Joao to feed it fish and to pick it up. Joao and his family enjoyed the company of Dindim. But deep inside Joao’s heart, he knew Dindim belonged to the wild. Gradually, the hot summer days witnessed the change of its new feathers. Was it time to say “goodbye”? 注意：

1. 续写词数成为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly one morning, Joao found Dindim disappeared.

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A few months later, Joao heard some familiar cries in his backyard.

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