(英语)英语短语动词专项习题及答案解析及解析

一、短语动词

1．My son _______ his father, because they are both cheerful.

A. looks after B. takes after C. runs after D. looks like 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】look after照顾；照看；take after（面貌、言行、性格等）像；run after追赶； look like（外表）看起来像。句意为“我儿子像他父亲，两个人都乐呵呵的。”显然是指性格方面像，故选B。

2．--- Are you going to have a part time job during the summer vacation?

--- Yes. I think I shouldn't always ______ my parents since I've grown up.

A. fight against B. argue with C. hear from D. depend on 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：——你暑假要做兼职吗？——是的，我认为既然我已经长大了，我不应该总是依靠父母。depend on依靠；取决于；fight against与……打架；argue with与某人争论；hear from收到……来信。故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

3．I a stone in a dark street and hurt my knees.

A. fell over B. fell off C. fell away 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我在黑暗中被一块石头……，弄伤了我的膝盖。A.被绊倒； B.从……落下； C.离开，消瘦。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。

4．—Alice, don't put your things here, ___________. —OK, I will.

A. put away them B. put on them C. put them away D. put them on 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:一爱丽丝，不要把你的东西放在这儿，把它们放好。一好的，我会的。put away放好，抛弃，储存。 put on穿上，上演，增加;两个词组在运用时，当宾语是代词时都放在词组中间。因为第一句 things是复数，所以用代词them 来代替。由句意可

知选C。

5．--- Who is Dave looking ______?

--- His mother. She's been in hospital for a few days.

A. for B. after C. at D. up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——Dave在照顾谁？——他妈妈，她住院好几天了。look after照顾；look for寻找；look at看；look up查找。根据in hospital可知选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析，牢记look的固定搭配。

6．— What bad weather! The ground is covered with much snow.

—And it may result in traffic jams.

A. take in B. lead to C. pour out 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——天气真糟糕！地面被很多雪覆盖。——这可能会导致交通拥挤。 result in=lead to意为“导致”，take in意为“吸收”，pour out意为“倒出来”，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语词义。

7．— Do you think my classmates will laugh at me?

— Maybe. But I think you are right.

A. go out with B. make friends with C. make jokes about 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗？——也许是，但是我觉得你是对的。laugh at嘲笑；go out with和……出去；与……约会；make friends with与……交朋友；make jokes about开……的玩笑。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

8．Please keep still, or I can't cut your hair. It's dangerous.

A. don't come B. don't move C. don't be late 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：请不要动，不然我不能给你剪头发，很危险。keep still静止不动；A.别来；B.别动；C.别迟到。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语的意思。

9．We must plant more trees after we _______ every year.

A. cut off them B. cut them off C. cut down them D. cut them down 【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须每年在砍掉树木之后种植更多的树。cut off切断；cut down砍倒。根据前文的trees可知砍伐树木用cut down，作宾语的代词them应放在cut与副词down之间，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析及动词短语的用法：“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语时，代词放在动词后副词前

10．—Do you know who _______ my umbrella? I can't find it.—Sorry. I went out just now. A. took away B. took up C. took off D. took out 【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：---你知道谁拿走了我的雨伞吗？我找不到了。---对不去，我刚才出去了。take away拿走；take up拿起；从事；take off脱掉；起飞；take out取出。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记take构成的短语，根据句意判断答案。

11．Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor students．

A. cleaned up B. set up C. fixed up D. cheered up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。clean up打扫干净；set up建起；fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

12．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________. A. ran off B. went off C. took off D. set off 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞；D. set off出发，动身。根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞

13．When you visit a museum, you should ___________ the instructions.

A. compare with B. look forward to C. pay attention to D. try out 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：当你参观博物馆的时候，你应该注意说明。compare with比较；look forward to盼望；pay attention to注意；try out试验。根据句意故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

14．The students ought to wear school uniforms when they're at school.

A. are supposed to B. are allowed to C. would like to D. love to 【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。ought to的意思是应该，后跟动词的原形。be supposed to 被认为应该做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事；would like to 愿意去做某事；love to 喜欢去做某事。故选A。 【点评】考查动词。

15．As a kind of important energy, coal（煤炭） can _______ one day.

A. keep out B. run out C. be run out D. run out of 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完，耗尽（主语是物）”，keep out“阻止……进入”， run out of “用完……东西（主语是人）”；选项C是被动形式，其后应加介词of，故选B。

16．We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it the weather. A. keeps on B. puts on C. depends on D. goes on 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：我们计划这个周末去野餐，但要看天气而定。A： keeps on继续； B： puts on穿上； C： depends on依靠，取决于； D： goes on继续。根据 go for a picnic与the weather的关系，可知野餐取决于天气情况。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解动词短语的意思，根据句子结构，选择正确的动词短语。

17．—Why did you come late again?

—Because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning.

A. go off B. go out C. go away D. go over 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off“发出响声”；go out“出去”；go away“离开”；go over“检查”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选A。

18．—What are you doing, Uncle Wang?

—I am choosing some clothes and I'll _______ to kids in West China.

A. give them up B. give them away C. give them off D. give them in 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查短语辨析。give up意为“放弃”；give away意为“赠送”；give off意为“放出”；give in意为“呈交”。答语句意：我在挑选一些衣服准备送给中国西部地区的孩子们。故选B。

19．Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _____ and when it will land.

A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：看这么大的雨！没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞，什么时候降落。A. get off下来，下车；B. take off起飞，脱掉；C. turn off关掉；D. put off推迟，拖延。根据句意可知选B。

20．—How was your May Day holiday?

—Just so so, I tried to find a place to park my car near He Garden, but they were all ______. A. looked up B. taken up C. put up D. turned up 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：—你的五一假期过得怎么样？—一般般，我努力地在花园附近找地方停车，但是他们都被占了。looked up查找；taken up占据；put up张贴；turned up出现，把声音开大。根据句意可知，这里说的停车位都被占了，故答案为B。

【点评】此题考查动词短语和动词的被动语态的用法，平时注意记忆和区分短语动词的意义和用法。还要注意记忆不规则动词的被动语态。

21．The house is dangerous to live in. It should be

A. looked up B. left out C. thrown away D. pulled down

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。应该把它拆掉。A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。

22．—Why do you want to your job? You did really well.

— Because I just want to join my husband's company and give him support. A. give out B. give in C. give up 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——你为什么想要放弃你的工作？你做得真的很好。——因为我只是想要加入我丈夫的公司，支持他。A. 分发，发出，B. 屈服，C. 放弃，要加入丈夫的公司，需要放弃现在的工作，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。根据句意确定正确的选项，并牢记三个短语。

23．—The government will focus on solving the problem of heavy burdens on the students. —That's good news for us. We have too much work to do after school. A. give a hand to B. give attention to C. take part in 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——会集中精力解决学生们的重负问题。——那对我们来说是一个好主意。我们放学后不得不做太多的作业。根据语境可知focus on：把焦点放在······，也就是注意，关注，give attention to, give a hand to: 帮助，take part in: 参加，故选B。

【点评】考查短语动词。根据语境选出和划线词意思相近的短语，确保句子通顺。

24．—The boys were crazy when Spiderman came along at the parade in the Universal Studio. —Of course they were. You know, Spiderman was always those boys' favourite. A. made a speech B. disappeared C. showed up 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：当蜘蛛侠在环球工作室的游戏队伍中出现时，男孩们都疯狂了。——当然他们会疯狂。你知道，蜘蛛侠总是那些男孩的最爱。根据语境可知男孩疯狂是因为蜘蛛侠出现，A. 演讲，B. 消失，C. 出现，根据语境故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语。根据句意找出近义词，牢记这些短语动词。

25．— When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language? — When I was 6 years old．

A. start to learn B. refuse to learn C. give up learning 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——你什么时候把日语作为第二外语学习得？——当我六岁的时

候。take up表示开始学习...A、开始学习，B、拒绝学习，C、放弃学习，故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，首先熟知题意，其次熟知选项每一个动词词组的含义，最后对比题目划线部分含义和选项含义。

26．— There is an exam next week. What should I do?

— I think that if you ________ your study schedule for a week, you will pass it． A. agree with B. stick with C. give up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——下周有考试，我该怎么办？——我认为只要你坚持你的学习日程表一周，你就能通过考试。A、agree with同意，B、stick with坚持，C、give up放弃，根据题意可知，学生比较害怕考试，因此需要有一个好的学习规划，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据语境对选项逐一进行筛选，填入符合语境的单词。

27．A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed speech time. A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：为了提醒学生们改变演讲时间，学校贴了一张通知。A.sent up射出；B.given up放弃；C.set up建立；D.put up张贴；主语是a notice，张贴广告用动词词组put up，故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语辨析。牢记短语词义和用法。

28．To make the story shorter, Mr. Trent advised me to ________ the parts that are not interesting.

A. find out B. try out C. cut out D. give out 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：为了使得这个故事更短，Trent先生建议我删掉那些没有意思的东西。A.find out找出；B.try out尝试；C.cut out剪掉；D.give out捐赠。根据本句话提到make the story shorter和not interesting，可知空缺处应该是删掉，cut out，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语辨析，注意cut out，剪掉。

29．Kelly doesn't _______ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face.

A. look after B. think about C. take after D. worry about 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲，她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有一个方的脸。A.look after照顾，B.think about考虑，C.take after长得像，D.worry about担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像，可知空缺处填入长起来像，take after，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语动词，注意take after的用法。

30．Don't waste water the river and the lake.

A. put; into B. pour; in C. pour; into D. put; to 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pour……into把……倒入；put……into把……放在……里。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。