五上英语期末语法知识点和练习
一、There be 句型陈述句：There is / are… 1、There is a big playground on our school . There is an art room on the second floor . There is some soup on the table . There is not any soup on the table . (不可数名词： soup ,milk ,juice ,tea ,water ,rice ,bread, coffee) 2、There are some bears in the forest . There aren’t any bears in the forest . (名词复数：a. +s
b. +es: peaches, dresses, boxes, glasses, buses, watches c. 辅音字母加y结尾的，改y为i+es：library -libraries,
body-bodies, country-countries, hobby-hobbies,
d. 特殊：woman-women, man-men，foot-feet, fish—fish, child-children） 3、就近原则：be动词根据离它最近名词单复数选择is或 are。
There is a bed and three bears in the house . There are three bears and a bed in the house .
4、There be 句型的一般疑问句： be动词提前, some 变为any
单数：Is there a / an /any …? Is there a library in our school ? Is there any milk in the glass ?
肯定回答： Yes, there is . 否定回答： No ,there aren’t .
复数：Are there any ...?
Are there any peaches on the tree ?
肯定回答：Yes, there are . 否定回答：No, there aren’t .
5、特殊疑问句： What’s +位置短语？ （表示问某处有什么，用there be 句型回答） 6、易错题：
There is a pair of shoes under the bed . There are two shoes under the bed .
（shoes , gloves, trousers, socks glasses(眼镜）等）
7、某处没有什么，用no 和not表达不同：
There is no egg in the fridge. There is not an egg in the fridge. There are no apples on the table. There are not any apples on the table. 二、How many 句型用法：
How many + 可数名词的复数，分两种情况：
1、 什么地方有多少什么？ How many students are there in our classroom ?
回答：There are forty –four students in our classroom . （注意：当答案为一个时用There is one.回答。） 2、 某某人有多少什么？
How many pens do you have ? 回答：I have ten . How many pens does he have ? 回答：He has ten . 三、第三人称单数：
1、人称： 第一人称：（单数）I; （复数）we
第二人称：（单数）you （复数）you 第三人称：（单数）he, she, it, ….;（复数）they …
2、 在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，动词应用第三人称单数形式：
1）+s
2）+es（以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾）：teach—teaches watch—watches
go---goes wash--washes
3）改y为i再加es（以辅音字母加y结尾）：study---studies fly---flies 4）特殊的：have---has
3、动词第三人称单数 句型变化：
He/ She always goes to the park at weekends.
1）动词第三人称单数改一般疑问句，借does放到句首，动词还原成原形。
Does he/she always go to the park at weekends ? 肯定回答：Yes, he/she does . 否定回答：No, he/she doesn’t . 2) 动词第三人称单数改否定句，借doesn’t放在动词前，动词还原成原形。
He/ She doesn’t go to the park at weekends. 3) 动词第三人称单数改特殊疑问句，借does放在疑问词后，后面用原形do。
What does he/she do at weekends? 4、注意：当主语是第一、第二人称或第三人称复数时，句型变化时借do改变，后面动词
用原形。
肯定句： They often watch films at weekends. 否定句： They often don’t watch films at weekends. 一般疑问句：Do they watch films at weekends？ 特殊疑问句：What do they do at weekends? 5、have、has 的用法：
1) 肯定句： 非三单：I have a toy car .( you ,they ,we)
三单： He has a toy car . ( she ,Yang ling ,my sister…) 2) 否定句： 非三单：I don’t have a toy car . 三单： He doesn’t have a toy car . 3）一般疑问句：非三单：Do you have a toy car ?
（肯定回答：Yes, I do . 否定回答：No , I don’t .） 三单： Does he have a toy car ?
（肯定回答：Yes, he does. 否定回答：No, he doesn’t .） 4）特殊疑问句：非三单： What do you have ? I have … 三单： What does he have ? He has… 四、其余知识点： 1、like 的用法:
like+可数名词复数；like+动词ing；
(1) like sth. 喜欢某事（指喜欢这一类，名词用复数）： I like cats. He likes cats . (2) 特指喜欢某一样东西： I like this cat. He likes that cat. I like your cat . (3) like doing sth. 喜欢做某事(用动名词)： I like running . He likes swimming . 2、would like用法：
would like表示“想要”=want (不可以和like—喜欢混淆) 1）would like+名词(sth.)； I would like some juice. 2）would like+to +动词原形(do sth.)；I would like to swim. 3、be good at 的用法:
1）be good at sth .擅长某事 = do well in sth. I am good at Maths . I do well in Maths . I am not good at Maths I do not do well in Maths . 2）be good at doing sth .擅长做某事=do well in doing sth.
He is good at skating . He does well in skating . He is not good at skating . He does not do well in skating . 4、It’s time to+动词(do sth.)；
It’s time for+名词/动词ing形式(sth./doing sth)。 例如： It’s time for dinner. It’s time to have dinner. It’s time for swimming. It’s time to swim. 5、人称: 人称代词： 主格 宾格 物主代词： 我的 my 你的 your 单数 他的 his 她的 her 它的 its 我们的 our 复数 你们的 your 他们的 their 我 I me 你 you you 单数 他 he him 她 she her 它 it it 我们 we us 复数 你们 you you 他们 they them (1) 动词后用宾格: She can see me. Ms Wu teaches us English. (2) 形容词性物主代词+名词: This is my book. Her pen is on the desk. 6.介词归类
（1）表示方位的介词：
in在…里面 on在…上面 under在…下面 behind在…后面 near在…旁边 between在…之间 beside在…旁边
（2）其他介词：包括with，by，for，at，about，of，to等 Tip：介词后面使用人称代词的宾格形式 （3）in, on, at在时间上的用法
in: 表示在一段时间里，所以 in 后面跟时间段，比如 in the afternoon，in May，in summer等
on:表示在具体的某一天,如on Sunday, on Christmas Day等
at:表示在某个时刻，或者在某个瞬间，如 at 9 o’clock，at twelve thirty 等。
Tips: Christmas表示一般的大的概念，包括了圣诞整个假期，包括Christmas Eve和Christmas Day
Christmas Day仅指12月25日这一天（December 25th） 7.动词+ ing 的构成规则
1. 一般情况下加ing: sleeping, playing, doing
2. 一个元音+ 一个辅音结尾的词，双写这一辅音字母再加ing: running, sitting, swimming
3. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e加ing：have→having, write→writing, live→living, like→liking, dance→dancing
8.做题时一定要注意：
⑴can+动词原形
⑵like+名词复数/动词ing ⑶play+足球类 play the+乐器类 ⑷How many+名词复数 ⑸Would like +to+动词原形 ⑹Let’s+动词原形 ⑺动词第三人称单数形式
⑻现在进行时：be（is，am，are）+动词ing ⑼buy, give, show的用法：
①buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 买某物给某人 ②give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 ③show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物展示给某人看
show sb around带某人参观
