2018届二轮复习 冠词在短文语法填空和短文改错中的考查讲与练
短文语法填空中的考查 ——如何确定填冠词
判定方法 应用体验 ①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm 如果空格后有名词(短语)而且二resting.Instead, she is earning 者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含￡6,500 a day as a model in New 义，或者有序数词、最高级、表示York. 特指意义的比较级等形式，那么空②(2017·吉林大学附中模拟)The 格处一般是填冠词。 day that you enjoy all the satisfaction of having all the housework done by a robot might still be a few decades off. ——冠词的常考点
(一)不定冠词a/an的常考点
自主练悟 谨记规律 ①(2017·山西省实验中学质检)And they talked about turning an embarrassing situation into a sweet one！ ②(2017·马鞍山市模拟)But now 不定冠词有两种形式： (1)当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为we have already been standing by 辅音音素(注意：不是辅音字母)时用a； this road for over an hour. ③(2017·湖北省七市联(2)当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为考)Unfolded before me was a 元音音素(注意：不是元音字母)时unique image of this water 用an。 country — the stone bridge and the water flowing, all like fairy tales to me. ④(2017·浙江高考)For Pahlsson, 不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词its return was a wonder. ⑤(2015·四川高考改编)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven. ⑥(2017·皖南八校模拟)It asks you to work out four times a week for about two months. ⑦(2017·南昌市三校联考)Finally, it was a great success which saved lives then, and is still saving lives today. ⑧(2017·焦作市模拟)I acquired a good knowledge of that after I 前，泛指一个人或一个事物。 不定冠词a/an意为“某一个……”，相当于a certain。 不定冠词表示“每……”，多用于速度、时间等表达中。 具有某些特征、状态或情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用。如： a success“一个成功的人或一件成功的事”。 read the description in the museum. ⑨(2017·菏泽市模拟)The farmer was about to give up when a little boy went up to him and asked to be given a_second chance. ⑩(2017·黑吉两省六校联考)This 不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。has created a “throwaway 如： society” which is a waste of the a waste of 浪费…… all of a earth’s resources. sudden 突然地 ⑪(2017·福建师大附中模拟)This as a rule 通常 as a result of simple way of helping people is 由于 now making a big difference to as a whole 总体上 make a society. (二)定冠词the的常考点
自主练悟 ①(2017·太原一模)A mouse, because of an unlucky chance, made close friends with an evil frog.One day, the frog played a trick on the mouse by tying a foot of the mouse to his own. ②(2017·陕西省渭南市质检)Smoking is one of the biggest causes of preventable deaths in 在最高级或序数词前面定冠词the特指某人或某物。 谨记规律 difference 有影响 序数词前用不定冠词表示“另一个”或“又一个”。 England. 或由only, very, same等③(2017·西安市模拟)Robert Bruce, leader of 修饰的名词前面用定冠the Scots in the 13th century, was hiding in a 词the。 cave from the English. ④(2017·菏泽市模拟)They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things in the same way. ⑤(2017·佛山一中模拟)Soldiers came to rescue those buried under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes and shelters for the homeless. 定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。 ⑥In the early 1990s, the library was named 定冠词用在年代或用于after the businessman who donated most of 逢十的数词前，也用在表the money with which to buy it. ⑦(2017·甘肃省白银市模拟)New fuel can be used to take the place of gas. ⑧(2017·沈阳二中模拟)On the whole, Canadian students do have a lot of freedom. 短文改错中的考查
(一)冠词的错用
自主练悟 谨记规律 示世纪的某个年代前。 定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如： take the place of 替代； on the whole总的来说； on the spot 当场。 ①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.第一个a→an ②(2017·襄阳市模拟)Studying at an university a和an的错用 辅in the UK has been a good experience for 元音音素前用an，me.an→a ③(2017·肇庆市模拟)I’m Wang Hong, a international University.a→an ④(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.the→a ⑤(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents ...A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.shop前的a→the ⑥(2017·柳州市模拟)It’s the pity that a lot of people still don’t appreciate the value of time.第一个the→a (二)冠词的缺失与多余
自主练悟 谨记规律 不定冠词和定冠词的错用 表示特指时用定冠词the；表示泛指时用不定冠词a(n)。注意固定搭配中冠词的使用情况。 student of Beijing 音音素前用a。 ①(2016·四川高考)I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.kitchen前加the ②(2017·衡水中学模拟)To start with, Beijing, the capital of China, is very attractive city with a long history.is后加a ③(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.去冠词的多余 掉flowers前的the 可数名词复数或不可数名词表示单数可数名词前冠词的缺失 一般来说，单数可数名词前应有适当的冠词，表示泛指用a(n)，表示特指用the。 ④(2017·成都市模拟)As the time 泛指时不用冠词。 went on, different life forms began.去掉the ⑤(2017·皖南八校联考)The father was in hurry so he didn’t know what was inside.hurry前加a ⑥(2017·广东省清远市模拟)I’m Li Hua and I’m writing to apply for the assistant post you advertised on 注意常用固定搭配中冠词的缺失Internet.Internet前加the ⑦(2017·河北省定州中学模拟)At that time, I was having a trouble studying English and my scores fell.去掉a ⑧(2017·安徽省淮南二中模拟)But 与多余。 the most important thing is that the number of private cars should be put under the control.去掉control前的the 二、冠词专练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2017·豫南九校模拟)My parents noticed but felt that since I’d always been a good child, this was temporary.
2．(2017·合肥市一模)Chinese brush calligraphy or “shufa” in Chinese is one of the most important art forms in China.
3．(2017·山西大学附中模拟)Since I had an electronic ticket, I then went straight to the boarding gate.
4．(2017·石家庄市质检)In Chinese tradition, people take giving children lucky money as a blessing.
5．(2017·青岛市模拟)There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.
6．(2017·西宁市二模)Well, Sarah, sometimes food and clothes aren’t the only important things.
7．(2017·湖南师大附中模拟)If our seed is poor and full of weeds, we will reap a useless crop.
8．Recently when he took a look at his collection of books, he discovered the old book borrowed 61 years ago.
9．(2017·济宁市模拟)Later, Hongbao developed into more general best wishes and a blessing on the young.
10．(2017·山西实验中学模拟)Older women are now more likely to start again instead of retiring into a peaceful life of cooking and
gardening.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2017·吉林市普通中学模拟)I think it is the good thing for the workforce to be flexible.第一个the→a 2．(2017·天水市模拟)Why not get together with some friends for a picnic on such fine day？such后加a
3．(2017·淮北市一模)The following months witnessed my efforts, and I finally made a great progress in other important exams.去掉a 4．(2017·泸州市模拟)It was an end of my first day as a waitress in a busy restaurant.an→the
5．(2017·九江一中模拟)During your study, you can take the part in more activities after class, where you can make more friends from different countries.去掉the
6．(2017·漳州市联考)Realizing it was our last school sports meeting,
we
decided
to
make
it
unforgettable
experience.unforgettable前加an
7．After climbing for half a hour, we got to the top of the mountain.a→an
8．(2017·周口市质检)On the one hand, he has gift for singing and has taken part in many singing contests in which he performed well.gift前加a
9．(2017·贵州航天高级中学模拟)To make our city the better place to live in, we still have a lot to do.the→a 10．(2017·福州八中质检)From then on, I learned to help others and turn to my friends for the help whenever I had difficulty finishing a task on my own.去掉the
