refer to (prep)
1. 提到，说到，或涉及某人/某事物
When I said some people were stupid,I wasn’t referring to you.
我说有些人很愚蠢，并不是指你。
请不要再提这件事情了。
Please don't refer to this matter.
他青年时期的这件事永远不再提了。
The incident in his youth is never referred to again.
2. 向某事物/某人查询信息。
refer to a dictionary=look up a word in the dictionary.
如果你有任何问题，请咨询专家。
If you have any question, please refer to an expert.
I referred to my watch for the exact time.我看了下手表好知道准确的时间。
The speaker often referred to his notes. 那个讲演的人不时地看发言稿。
refer (v.) reference (n.) reference book 参考书，工具书
reference library/room 参考书阅览室
operate vt.
1. 操作，运作
operate a machine/ a computer/ a lift
操作一台机器，电脑，电梯
别担心，将有人给我们演示如何操作新机器。
Don't worry - everyone will be shown how to operate the new machines.
这家公司在60多个国家经营快餐店。
The company operates fast-food restaurants in over 60 countries.
2. 做手术
医生决定马上给她做手术。
The doctor decided to operat on her immediately.
他下周要做手术。
He will be operated on next week.
除了立刻给我的胳膊动手术，那天他们别无选择。
The other day they had no choice but to operate on my arm immediately.
The other day they did nothing but make/perform an operation on my arm immediately.
honor/honour vt & n
vt. 向某人致敬，表扬某人，给某人以荣誉
Will you honour me with a visit?
如蒙造访，荣幸之至。
谢谢您给予我的金牌荣誉。
Thank you for honoring me with a gold medal.
I feel very honored to have been able to take on this role.
be/feel honored (to do sth.) 感到荣幸
能够进入国家队我感到十分荣幸。
I feel greatly honored to be included in the national team.
It is an honor to be included in the national team. (n.)
一位尊贵的客人 an honored guest
捍卫家族的荣誉 defend the honor of one’s family
The scholarship was named in honor of the schoolmate.为了对……表示敬意
take on
The newly-built factory is beginning to take on new workers. 聘用
The doctor suggested I should not take on too much work. 承担
On hearing the news he took on an annoyed expression. 呈现
Phrases of “take”
After graduation, he __________ (承担） the work of environmental preservation. In the first five years, he ________________（不怕麻烦，费力）to do the research related to water conservation, which ______（占据） much of his time. Now he is busy traveling around the country to give speeches, in which he calls on us to ______________（充分利用）solar energy. He always ____________(感到骄傲） his work ; he believes that if everyone _________（采取行动）, our environment would be much cleaner.
cooperate vi. 合作，合力；协力；协同
cooperate with sb. in sth. 和（某人）合作（某事）
如果我们彼此合作，很快就能完成。
If we all cooperate with each other, we'll soon finish.
英、法两国合作制造这种新式飞船。
The British cooperated with the French in building the new craft.
cooperate in harmony 协调地合作
cooperate towards that goal 协力达到那个目标
你的建议值得考虑。
Your suggestion is worthy of consideration.
worthy to be considered.
worth considering.
It is worthwhile to consider/ considering your suggestion.
• worthless ( 无价值的，无益的）
• valuable (贵重的, 有价值的)
• priceless (无价的, 极贵重的 )
a small/large sum of money
一(大/小)笔钱
sum up 总而言之
总之，好学生要全面发展。
___________, a good student develops in an all-round way.
L43 Apart from the urgent problems caused by wars…the UN helps countries with other problems…
➢ Apart from his earnings as a football coach, he also owns and runs a chain of sports shops.
➢ Apart from the ending, it's a really good film.
L44 …with other problems such as lack of education. (n.) 缺少
许多人失败不是因为缺少能力，而是因为缺乏信心。
➢ It's lack of confidence, not lack of ability, that makes most people fail.
(= Lacking confidence makes people fail.)
他真正的问题是他缺乏自信。
➢ His real problem is that he lacks confidence.
(v.)
1.提出，制定出
• He set out his objections to the plan.
• 他对这个计划提出了反对。
2.动身出发
• She set out at dawn.
• 她在黎明时分出发。
3. set out to do sth 带着某种目的开始做某事
她决心要打破世界记录。
She set out to break the world record.
• 做某人的代表或代言人
• 我代表我们班同学以及我自己谢谢你。
• On behalf of my classmates and myself I thank you.
• Tom不在场，所以我代表他领奖。
• Tom is absent, so I accept the prize on his behalf.
• Don’t worry on my behalf.
• 不要担心我。
