英语阅读理解(人生百味)专题练习(及答案)含解析

英语阅读理解(人生百味)专题练习(及答案)含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类

1．阅读理解

Experts note that an unhealthy lifestyle can put you at great risk of heart disease and stroke. So doctors urge us to eat healthy foods, get exercise, stop smoking and limit our alcohol intake. But there is something else you can do. And it is free and easy. Smile!

Dr. Chockalingam, a heart disease specialist in Columbia, advises his patients to smile. He says a smile may be one way to help your heart. \"When we smile, the brain wiring changes. The chemicals that are released are more positive.\" He says smiling is the first step in fighting physical and emotional stress and its sometimes harmful effects on human health. This is not just New Age advice. Several studies support his opinion.

When you feel stressed or under pressure, your body releases many natural hormones (荷尔蒙) including adrenaline and cortisol. Adrenaline increases your heart rate and blood pressure. Cortisol is the body's main stress hormone. It increases sugar in the bloodstream. If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help you. They are part of what we call our fight-or-flight response.

However, when we are stressed for a long period, these stress hormones are

ever-present in our bodies. And that, medical researchers warn, may lead to health problems.

Researchers say the connection between stress and heart disease is still unclear. However, they claim that when people are stressed for long periods of time, they may have an unhealthy lifestyle, which can lead to health problems.

Dr. Chockalingam says a smile may be one way to help. He tells his patients to smile 20 times an hour. To some, that might seem like a lot of smiling. Or some might even feel foolish ... smiling for seemingly no reason. But a smile does not involve drugs. It is not invasive like a surgical operation. It is free and it has no bad side effects.

\"Once people smile, they are relaxing. This relaxation directly lowers blood pressure, improves sugar levels in the blood. If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health.\" And it just may provide a little extra protection to everyone's heart health.

（1）Which of the following agrees with Dr. Chockalingam's opinion?

A.Smile has the same effects as laughter.

B.Smile can be used to take the place of medicine.

C.Smile is better than any healthy lifestyle to health.

D.Smile can make our body produce beneficial chemicals.

（2）What can we know about the mentioned stress hormones?

A.They can lower our blood pressure.

B.They will surely lead to heart diseases.

C.They can benefit us when we are in danger.

D.They will make us live an unhealthy lifestyle.

（3）Why does Dr. Chockalingam think smiling is helpful to our health?

A.It can make us relax.

B.It increases sugar levels.

C.It has little bad side effects.

D.It can happen for no reason.

（4）What can be the best title for the text?

A.A Thorough Analysis of the Causes of Heart Diseases

B.One Thing You Can Do Right Now to Help Your Heart

C.One Thing That Is Closely Connected with Stress Hormones

D.The Clear Connection Between Unhealthy Lifestyles and Heart Diseases

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，哥伦比亚的心脏病专家Chockalingam博士建议多保持微笑，他认为微笑可能是帮助心脏的一种方式。同时说明了微笑有利于健康的原因和人们感到压力时的身体反应等情况。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When we smile, the brain wiring changes. The chemicals that are released are more positive.”当我们微笑时，大脑的线路会发生变化。释放出的化学物质更积极。可知，Chockalingam博士认为微笑能使我们的身体产生有益的化学物质。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help you.”如果你真的有危险，这些荷尔蒙会帮助你。可知，当我们处于危险中时，压力荷尔蒙可以帮助我们。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health. And it just may provide a little extra protection to everyone's heart health.”如果我们微笑，我们就打破了压力和健康之间的联系。而且它可能会为每个人的心脏健康提供一点额外的保护。可知，Chockalingam博士认为微笑可以使我们放松，从而有利于我们的健康。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Dr. Chockalingam, a heart disease specialist in Columbia, advises his patients to smile. He says a smile may be one way to help your heart.”哥伦比亚的心脏病专家Chockalingam博士建议他的病人保持微笑。他说，微笑可能是帮助心脏的一种方式。以及结合文章内容主要介绍了微笑能够让我们放松进而有利于我们的健康，所以要健康那就要多微笑，所以选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

In 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entire French Scrabble Dictionary in just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards' impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intelligence works—real AI. Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.

The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasks—provided the task is in one field with a lot of data—it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.

But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs—executives, diplomats, economists — go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI.

Are you worried that these three types of jobs won't employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathy—which AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.

So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.

（1）What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?

A. To introduce the topic.

B. To mention Nigel's feat.

C. To stress the importance of good memory.

D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.

（2）Which of the following best explains \"outperform\" underlined in paragraph 2?

A. Be superior to to D. Be related to

B. Be inferior to C. Be similar

（3）Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?

A. The writer. B. The shop assistant. C. The

babysitter. D. The psychologist.

（4）Which of the following suggestions can the author give about job replacement of AI?

A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.

B. Get more support from the government.

C. Apply for the donation from companies.

D. Upgrade people's professional skills all the time.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人工智能有取代人类工作的潜力,但是,并非所有工作都会被人工智能取代,有四种类型的工作完全没有风险。因此,在人工智能时代人类仍然会有工作,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知一个名叫奈杰尔·理查兹（Nigel Richards）的人在短短九周内记住了《法国拼字游戏词典》中的386,000个单词。但是,他不会说法语。其展示了人工智能是如何工作的。而后文主要与人工智能有关,由此推断作者写第一段的目的是引出人工智能这个话题。故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasks—provided the task is in one field with a lot of data”可知AI可以在日常任务中outperform人类（前提是该任务在一个涉及到大量数据的领域中；以及“it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.”可知从技术上讲,人工智能具有在未来大约15年里取

代成千上万的白领和蓝领工作的能力。结合下文推断人工智能能够具有取代人类的工作是因为AI在日常任务中表现超过了人类,划线词的意思是\"胜过,超过\故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can.”可知四种类型的工作完全没有风险。首先,有创造性的工作。人工智能不可能像科学家,小说家和艺术家那样进行发明创造。也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。排除A；再根据第四段中的“as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors.”可知需要情感的工作,例如老师,保姆和医生也不大可能被取代,因此排除C和D。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them.” 可知作者认为在AI时代仍然会有工作,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。进行培训是为了得到专业技能,由此推断作者会给出一直提升人们的专业技能的建议,故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.

Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.

The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.

Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a \"ruby-crowned kinglet\" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.

The pressures of \"time\" and \"destination\" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them. I asked them what they'd seen. \"Oh, a few birds,\" they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.

Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.

（1）According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more .

A. anxious to do wonders B. sensitive to others' feelings

C. likely to develop unpleasant habits D. eager to explore the world around them

（2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?

A. To avoid jumping to conclusions. B. To stop complaining all the time.

C. To follow the teacher's advice. D. To admit mistakes honestly.

（3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they .

A. are very patient in their observation B. are really fascinated by nature

C. care only about the names of birds D. question the accuracy of the field guides

（4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?

A. The natural beauty isn't attractive to them.

B. They focus on arriving at the camp in time.

C. The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.

D. They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.

（5）In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should . A. fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world

B. get rid of some bad habits in our daily life

C. open our mind to new things and ideas

D. try our best to protect nature

【答案】 （1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。作者通过此文要告诉我们：放慢脚步,带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的”Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder.“可知,与成人相比较,孩子观察得更多,孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚,作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候,学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走,结果事实上那是一个温泉。作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免过早下结论。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things.“可知,鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字,并不关心它在做什么。故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的”I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.“可知,徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地,而很少关心周围的事物。故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人,带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

I stopped to watch my little girl busy playing in her room. In one hand was a plastic phone; in the other a toy. I listened as she was speaking to her make-believe little friend and I'll never forget the words she said, even though it was imagined.

She said, \"Suzie's in the corner because she's not been very good. She didn't listen to a word I said or do the things she should.\" In the corner I saw her baby doll well dressed. It was obvious that she'd been put there to sit alone and think.

My daughter continued her \"conversation\as I sat down on the floor. She said, \"I'm all fed up and I just don't know what to do with her any more. She cries whenever I have to work and wants to play games too. She tries to help me with the dishes, but her arms just cannot reach... And she doesn't know how to fold towels. I don't have the time to teach. I have a lot of work to do and a big house to keep clean. I don't have the time to sit and play - don't you know what I mean?\"

And that day I thought a lot about making some changes in my life, after listening to her innocent words cut me like a knife. I hadn't been paying enough attention to what I hold most dear. I'd been caught up in responsibilities that increased throughout the years.

But now my attitude has changed because in my heart I realize that I've seen the world in a different light through my little darling's eyes. So let the cobwebs (蜘蛛网) cut the corners and the dust bunny rabbit rule the floor. I'm not going to worry about keeping up with them any more.

I'm going to fill the house with memories of a child and her mother, for we have only one childhood and we will never get another.

（1）Who is Suzie?

A. The girl's phone. B. The girl's friend. C. The

author. D. A baby doll.

（2）How did the author feel when hearing her little girl's words?

A. Interested B. Uncomfortable C. Moved D. Unbelievable

（3）The passage leads us to believe that ________.

A. the little girl doesn't hate her mother any more.

B. the author has become lazy because of her daughter.

C. the author cares nothing about her daughter's happiness.

D. the author wants her little girl to have a happy childhood.

（4）What might be the best title?

A. Only one childhood

B. My lovely daughter

C. How to deal with my daughter

D. A world of children

【答案】 （1）D

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过和女儿相处的一件小事，有感而发，觉得童年只有一个，从而要让女儿过一个快乐的童年。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Suzie's in the corner because she's not been very good.”以及“I saw her baby doll well dressed. ”Suzie在角落里以及“我”看见她的洋娃娃穿得很好，可推知Suzie是作者女儿的布娃娃。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“And that day I thought a lot about making some changes in my life, after listening to her innocent words cut me like a knife.”“我”在听了她那些天真的话语后，就像被一把刀割了一样。可推知，作者听到女儿的话语觉得“不适”，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I'm going to fill the house with memories of a child and her mother, for we have only one childhood and we will never get another.”可知作者想让她的女儿有一个快乐的童年，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。作者通过和女儿相处的一件小事，有感而发，觉得童年只有一个，从而要让女儿过一个快乐的童年，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

It was many years ago. I was a young dad sitting on the couch reading a fairy tale to my little girl. She sat next to me with her head on my arm as I told the tale. When it came to the end I finished with those famous words: \"And they lived

happily ever after.\" As I looked over to her with her wavy(鬈曲的), brown hair and big, innocent eyes I could see the smile on her face and I never wanted it to end. Then it dawned on me that the ending of the book was what I wanted for her. I wanted her to \"live happily ever after\".

Still, deep in my heart I knew that this couldn't always be so. I knew that there would be times when her heart was broken. I knew there would be times when she cried in grief and I couldn't comfort her. I knew there would be times when all she felt was fear, sadness, sorrow, and despair. As I stroked her hair and smiled at her I hoped that those times would be brief and that she would have joy in her life more often than not. Living happily ever after, though, seemed out of the question.

It takes me a lot of years to realize that it is possible to live happily ever after. You just have to do it \"one day at a time\". Happiness you see isn't some reward that you get at the end of your journey. Happiness isn't something that depends on what life you own. Happiness is something you create in your life choice by choice and day by day.

The truth is happiness comes when you love. Love is a gift from God. It is love that mends broken hearts. It is love that heals grief. It is love that gives us joy. Choose to \"live happily ever after, one day at a time\".

（1）What is the author's wish to his daughter?

A. Getting a good job in the future. B. Making many friends in her school.

C. Traveling around the world in her life. D. Having a happy life ever after.

（2）What can we know from Paragraph 2?

A. Life's meaning consists in devotion.

B. Life is always full of difficulties and challenges.

C. There are times that life goes against us.

D. Everyone has the right to obtain happiness and freedom.

（3）How to get happiness in author's opinion?

A. Reward yourself once a day. B. Create it by yourself in your daily life.

C. Get rid of those disturbing things. D. Take charge of your life independently.

（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A. To show the significance of love. B. To describe a daughter's growth.

C. To introduce the definition of love. D. To tell a young father's experience.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者每天为女儿读故事书，希望女儿从此以后能过上快乐幸福的生活，后来作者明白：幸福来自于自己的创造，来自于充满爱的心。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ I wanted her to ‘live happily ever after’. ”可知，作者希望女儿从此过上幸福的生活。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。本段作者写了女儿今后可能遇到的害怕、哀痛、悲伤、绝望的时刻，这些都是生活中与我们心意背道而驰的，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Happiness is something you create…”可知，作者认为幸福需要自己去创造，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“happiness comes when you love”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是表明爱的意义和重要性，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

The associates I hired in my bicycle and lawn mower shop like myself were never perfect; however, they were excellent. Working with them as they improved taught me new ways to show forgiveness, understanding, and patience.

One day the placement officer asked me to interview a young man who was having trouble finding a job. He told me that David was a little shy, did not talk much and was afraid to go on with interviews. He requested that I give David an interview just for practice. He plainly told David that I had no positions open at the time and the interview was just for practice.

When David came in for the interview, he hardly said a word. I told him what we did at the bicycle shop and showed him around. I told David to keep showing up because the number one thing an employer wanted in an associate was dependability. David was very quiet (he was evaluated as a slow learner in school).Every ten days or so, for weeks after the interview, David walked into the bicycle shop and stood by the front door. He never said a word, just stood by the

door.

One day, shortly before Christmas, a large truck came to the shop, packed with 250 new bicycles. It had to be unloaded right away or the driver would leave. It was raining. Some of my workers (without physical limitations) chose not to brave the weather to get into work, so I was short-handed. It seemed everything was going wrong and on top of it, David came in the front door and just stood there. I looked at him and shouted,“Well, all right! Fill out a time card and help me unload this truck!”

David worked for my bicycle shop for eighteen years. He came to work every day thirty minutes early. He could talk; however, he rarely chose to. He drove my truck and made deliveries. The customers would praise David, saying,“He doesn't talk, but he really shows you how to operate a lawn mower!”

（1）The author gave David an interview to .

A. find a person who is reliable B. give him some practice

C. find a part-time worker in need D. show sympathy for him

（2）The author finally hired David because .

A. he needed someone who was willing to work then

B. there were no other workers in the shop then

C. David kept showing up

D. he realized David was dependable

（3）We can infer from the last paragraph that .

A. some customers just play jokes on David

B. David has had his character changed through work

C. the author feels lucky to hire David

D. the author prefers David to be more outgoing

【答案】 （1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，David是作者的一位雇员,虽然他不善言辞,但勤恳踏实的工作态度赢得了顾客的赞美。他也让作者明白:作者的伙伴们和作者一样都不完美,但却很优秀。在跟他们一起工作的日子里,作者学会了宽恕、理解和耐心。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二中的“He requested that I give David an interview just for practice.”可知,他要求作者给David进行一次面试,仅仅只是为了练

习。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段可知,当装满250辆新自行车的大卡车冒雨到达时,一些工人不愿在这样的天气情况下工作,因此人手短缺。这时作者正好看到David进来,于是叫他过来帮忙。结合最后一段可知,David从此开始在这里工作了。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，David在作者的店里勤勤恳恳工作了十八年,还受到了顾客的赞扬。由此可推知,作者感觉很幸运能有这样的员工。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Today different online exercise programs are challenging the concept of traditional fitness models. Gyms and health clubs are no longer limited to “the four walls”. Digital extensions of traditional fitness are appearing, and to reach as many people as possible, the fitness industry is expanding its boundaries through virtual (虚拟的) fitness and accepting the latest scientific findings and technological advancements in health, technology.

Exergames (运动游戏) are a combination of physical exercise and digital games. Now fun and fitness are combined in various digital gaming products, products like Wii Fit Plus, Fitness Evolved, and Kinect Sports. What's more, health technology is often built using principles of neuroscience, a science focused on

studying the brain, Fitness Evolved, for example, focuses on stress and how you react to different stressors. This program helps you feel less threatened (受到威胁的) by targeting your specific stressors and then adjusts based on your interaction with the app.

Now there are a lot of smart exergames, one of which is BurnAlong. This online video platform combines the advantages of having a human instructor with the perks of practicing in the comfort of your own homer The platform lets users connect with whoever makes them feel most motivated—be it their favorite gym instructors, or friends who might he living on the opposite side of the country, A wide variety of programs are offered through the platform, as well as different effort levels, so everyone can find something that suits their level of fitness.

Another example is Zwift, an online multiplayer video game besed on indoor cycling. It allows you to join an online cycling group that includes members from over 150 countries. BitGym is also a smart virtual fitness app. As you train, you're given beautiful virtual scenery to look at, complete with natural sounds and location-specific facts.. For this app, all you need to do is place your smartphone or tablet no your sports machine.

（1）What is the purpose of mentioning Fitness Evolved m Paragraph 2?

A.To show how health technology is built.

B.To explain what exergames actually are.

C.To prove the popularity of digital products.

D.To give a skill of managing stress in sporty.

（2）What does the underlined word \"perks\" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.Ways.

B.Benefits.

C.Chances.

D.Problems.

（3）In which exergame you are exposed to virtual natural beauty?

A.Kinect Sports.

B.BurnAloog.

C.Zwift.

D.BitGym.

（4）What does the author think of digital gaming products?

A.They are the best in improving health.

B.They cast users a great deal of money.

C.They bring certain convenience to users.

D.They suit people of various age groups.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，今天，不同的在线锻炼项目正在挑战传统健身模式的概念。健身房和健身俱乐部不再局限于“四壁”。传统健身的数字扩展正在出现，为了吸引尽可能多的人，健身行业正在通过虚拟健身扩展其边界，接受最新的科学发现和健康技术方面的技术进步。作者对此进行了举例说明。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“This program helps you feel less threatened (受到威胁的) by targeting your specific stressors and then adjusts based on your interaction with the app.”可知，在第二段中提到Fitness Evolved的

目的是为了展示卫生技术是如何构建的。故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“This online video platform combines the advantages of having a human instructor with the perks of practicing in the comfort of your own home”这个在线视频平台把一个人类教练的优势和在舒适的家中练习的好处结合起来。由此推知，划线词的意思是“利益，好处”，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“BitGym is also a smart virtual fitness app.”可知，在BitGym.BitGym，你会接触到虚拟的自然美景。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Now fun and fitness are combined in various digital gaming products, products like Wii Fit Plus, Fitness Evolved, and Kinect Sports.”和第三段中的“A wide variety of programs are offered through the platform, as well as different effort levels, so everyone can find something that suits their level of fitness.”可知，作者认为数字游戏产品为用户带来了一定的便利。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Learning, Fast and Deep

Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, and Google.

The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America's top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk.

That is changing.

Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning. Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ai's course can be completed in just seven weeks.

To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. \"No. Greek. Letters,\" Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation.

Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which will be useless at best and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computer holies with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping, instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind.

（1）What can we learn about deep learning?

A. It replaces artificial intelligence. B. It attracts rock stars to practice.

C. It scans patterns for large companies. D. It helps technicians to create software.

（2）Fast. ai is an organization that .

A. ensures one to obtain a PhD B. teaches craft in ivory tower

C. offers a course in deep learning D. requires weeks to apply

（3）The underlined words \"No. Greek. Letters\"in Paragraph 5 means doing fast.ai course is .

A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring

（4）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .

A. it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligence

B. the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systems

C. opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shopping

D. simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人工智能的深度学习被证明很有用，霍华德和数学家托马斯一起创办的非营利性教育机构致力于让深度学习变得简单。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns…build software for Amazon, Apple, and Google.“可知AI技术的一个分支、运用神经网络处理大量数据并从中寻找模式的\"深度学习\"被证明非常有用，亚马逊、苹果、和谷歌愿意开出六位数高薪，聘请熟练的专业人员编写软件。这说明深度学习能帮助编写软件，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Last month fast. ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning.“可知。上月，位于旧金山的非营利性教育机构 fast.ai 进入了它开办深度学习课程的第三年。也就是说fast. ai是一个提供深度学习课程的组织，故选C。

（3）考查句义猜测。根据五段中的”To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn …He says school mathematics is sufficient.“可知让深度学习不再神秘是杰里米·霍华德的目标，为此，他和数学家雷切尔·托马斯一起创立了fast.ai，让任何想学习编写AI软件的人都能学习这门技术。霍华德说有中学数学知识就足够了。这说明fast.ai的课程很简单，仅需要中学数学知识。因此霍华德说\"No. Greek. Letters”没有，希腊，字母“是想说fast, ai的深度学习课程很简单。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”If Mr Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. “如果霍华德和其他人如愿以偿，那么让AI软件开发变得更容易将会催生出一批新的不同的果实。由此推断简化软件开发可能会导致意料之外的结果。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Letting me move into my university dormitory wasn't an easy decision for my parents. However, they knew if I wanted a good education, I'd have to live away from home. I'd always dream of living alone the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. So I was delighted about this new stage in my life.

Unexpectedly, during the first few months of living alone, I would find myself crying every day. I would call my mum every day. Coming from a big family, I was used to noises surrounding me. Therefore, the scary silence at night was the worst. I couldn't even sleep without keeping the lights on.

As time went by, I started enjoying the freedom that came with living alone. I could do things in my own time: eat whenever I want, wake up whenever I want. The space of loneliness was also then filled up by friends who became like family,

so I started missing my family less.

When it was time to say goodbye and go back home after my graduation I was bittersweet. I'd enjoyed my time alone, learning things which wouldn't have been possible if I had never moved away from home. But I'd also missed my family too much.

I'd learned a lot from this experience. Living alone made me value family time even more. I realized every second with them was important though I might not get the freedom while living alone.

I guess it's different for everybody, but for me, there is no warmth in a house unless it's filled with loving members and people you love.

（1）How did the author feel before moving into the university dormitory?

A.Sad.

B.Happy.

C.Nervous.

D.Cold.

（2）What can we know about the author from paragraph 4?

A.He had mixed feelings.

B.He didn't enjoy his time alone.

C.He has been used to the life in school.

D.He found living with his family was better than in the school.

（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A.The author felt cold living in school.

B.The author's dormitory was the warmest place.

C.The author felt warm living with his beloved ones.

D.Everyone felt warm when living with his beloved ones.

（4）What does the author want to tell us?

A.Family is the most important place in people's life.

B.As time goes by, people can get used to what happened.

C.People can find freedom only when they leave their family.

D.People need to grow up on their own, but family plays an important role.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在大学住宿时的经历。起初作者对离开家去学校住宿感到十分的开心，但最初的几个月作者还是非常想念家人。随着时间增长，作者和朋友的相处也变得越来越好，也没有那么想念家里了。只有和自己珍爱的人在一起才会感觉到温暖。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“I'd always dream of living alone the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. So I was delighted about this new stage in my life.”作者总是梦想着能够自由自在的生活，所以作者对于能够展开自己的生活的新阶段感到十分开心，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“When it was time to say goodbye and go back home after my graduation I was bittersweet.”作者在毕业后要回家的时候有一种苦乐参半的感觉，作者很享受独处的时间，但也非常的想念自己的家人。由此可知，这是一种复杂的感情。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“there is no warmth in a house unless

it's filled with loving members and people you love.”一间屋子将不会充满温暖，除非有一屋子你爱的和爱你的人。说明只要和爱的人在一起就会感觉到温暖。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后三段可知，作者一方面很享受自己独处的时光，在自己独处的时间中也学习到了很多自己料想不到的事情，一方面又很挂念家中，可知作者认为人要学会，但家庭还是扮演着非常重要的角色。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Computer scientists have hoped to give robots technical skills to help them recognize, process and react to humor. But these attempts have mostly failed. AI experts say that in many cases, attempts to make robots understand humor end up producing funny results, but not in the way they were supposed to.

Tristan Miller studied more than 10,000 puns in one research project. The pun is a kind of joke that uses a word with two meanings. For example, you could say, “Balloons do not like pop music.\" The word \"pop\" can be a way of saying popular music; or can mean the sound a balloon makes when it explodes. But a robot might not get the joke. Tristan Miller says that is because humor is a kind of creative language that is extremely difficult for computer intelligence to understand.

Allison Bishop is a computer scientist and she also performs stand-up comedy. She explained that machines are trained to look for patterns. Comedy, on the other hand, relies on things that stay close to a pattern, but not completely within it. To be funny, humor should also not be predictable, Bishop said. This is a great challenge for a machine to recognize and understand what is funny.

Bishop says since robots have great difficulty understanding humor, she feels like it gives her better job safety as a comedy performer. It even made her parents happy when her brother decided to become a full-time comedy writer because it meant he wouldn't be replaced by a machine, she added.

Despite the difficulties, Darmstadt University's Miller says there are good reasons to keep trying to teach humor to robots. It could make machines more relatable (叙述的), especially if they can learn to understand sarcasm (讽刺), he noted. Humans use sarcasm to say one thing but mean another. But Kiki Hempelmann thinks differently. \"Teaching AI systems humor may make them find it where it isn't, and they may use it where it's not suitable,\" he said. \"Maybe bad AI will start killing people because it thinks something is funny,\" he added.

（1）What does the author most probably want to show in Paragraph 1?

A.Robots' influence on the scientific development.

B.Robots' challenges of making sense of humor.

C.Computer scientists' devotion to technical skills.

D.Computer scientists' concern about AI's development.

（2）What are examples mentioned in Paragraphs 2 and 3 intended to do?

A.Prove robots do poorly in funny work

B.Explain robots aren't as intelligent as humans

C.Describe language is complex and changeable

D.Show language can't be taught in a set pattern

（3）What can we infer about teaching AI system humor from the last paragraph?

A.It will make no difference.

B.It may be a double-edged sword.

C.It may help improve humans' humor.

D.It will attract more computer scientists.

（4）Where would the passage most probably come from?

A.Textbook

B.Advertisement

C.Science journal

D.Entertainment speech

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，工程师很难让机器创造幽默。对于机器人是否应该被教授幽默，不同的科学家有不同的见解。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Computer scientists have hoped to give robots technical skills to help them recognize, process and react to humor. But these attempts have mostly failed.”可知，计算机科学家希望赋予机器人技术技能，帮助它们识别、处理和应对幽默。但这些尝试大多以失败告终。通过第一段作者想要展示的是让机器人理解幽默是有挑战性的。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Tristan Miller says that is because humor

is a kind of creative language that is extremely difficult for computer intelligence to understand.”特里斯坦·米勒说，这是因为幽默是一种创造性的语言，对计算机智能来说是非常难以理解的；第三段中的“This is a great challenge for a machine to recognize and understand what is funny.”对于机器来说，识别和理解什么是有趣的是一个巨大的挑战，可推断，这两个例子是用来说明语言不能用固定的模式来教授的。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘Teaching AI systems humor may make them find it where it isn't, and they may use it where it's not suitable,' he said. ‘Maybe bad AI will start killing people because it thinks something is funny,' he added.“教人工智能系统幽默可能会让它们在不适合的地方找到幽默，也可能在不适合的地方使用它”，他说。“也许坏的人工智能会开始杀人，因为它认为有些东西很有趣”他补充说道，可推断出，教授人工智能系统幽默可能是一把双刃剑。故选B。

（4）考查推理判题。根据第一段中的“Computer scientists have hoped to give robots technical skills to help them recognize, process and react to humor.”计算机科学家希望给机器人技术技能，以帮助他们识别，处理和反应幽默，可知，本文讲述了教授机器人幽默，因此推断这篇文章很可能选自科学杂志。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。