初三英语语法精讲（二）-----被动语态
主动语态与被动语态： 主动语态： 被动语态：
被动语态的不同句型：
肯定：Chinese is widely used by many people. 否定：Chinese is not widely used by many people . 一般疑问：Is Chinese widely used by many people .
Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
特殊疑问：What is widely used by many people? Practice:
1. This factory doesn’t make cars.
Cars ________________by this factory. 2 Do you often plant trees?
_________ trees often __________ (by you)? 不同时态下的被动语态
People use knives to cut things.
______________________________________________ People used knives to cut things.
______________________________________________ People will use knives to cut things.
______________________________________________ People can use knives to cut things.
______________________________________________ People would use knives to cut things.
______________________________________________ People are using knives to cut things.
______________________________________________ People were using knives to cut things.
______________________________________________ People have used knives to cut things.
______________________________________________ People had used knives to cut things.
______________________________________________
时态 肯定 否定 一般疑问 简略答语 一般现在 一般过去 一般将来 过去将来 现在进行 过去进行 现在完成 过去完成 不同句型结构下的被动语态： 1.SVO结构 （注意时态）
2. SVOO结构( 两个宾语都能变为被动语态做主语） a. 把间接宾语转化成主语 My uncle gave me a book.
I ______ _____ a book (by my uncle).
A book _____ _____ ______me by my uncle
b. 把直接宾语转化为主语，此时通常在间接宾语前加适当的介词。 She bought them some apples. They ______ _____ some apples.
Some apples ______ ______ ______ them. 3. SVOC结构 a. 补语为分词
We found him lying in bed. He _____ ______ _____ in bed.
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b. 补语为带to的不定式
The teacher encouraged us to work hard at English. We _______ _______ ______ ______ hard at English. c. 补语为不带to的不定式(还原不定式符号to) I heard them go upstairs.
They _______ _______ _______ go upstairs. I often see him practise speaking English.
He is often _______ ______ ______speaking English. d. 补语为形容词或名词 I found him a bright boy.
He was found to be a bright boy 不使用被动语态的几种特殊情况
1 常见不用被动语态的动词 ：happen, rise, fall, last, break out, break down, take place, 2 感官动词（look, smell, taste, feel, sound)
3 表示事物内在品质，与执行者无太大关系：sell, write, wash, wear, read… The books don’t sell well. The clothes wash well. The pen writes smoothly.
4 need, deserve, require ( 要求), want, be worth…后接doing , 主动表被动 Your radio needs ________ (repaire). The flowers require ______ (water). The movie deserves ________(see).
The museum is worth ___________(visit). Practice:
1. They will discuss the plan at the league meeting.
__________________________________________________________________ 2. He has written a novel.
__________________________________________________________________ 3. They are watching a football match at this time yesterday.
__________________________________________________________________ 4. The nurses should take good care of the children in the nursery.
__________________________________________________________________ 5 Did they write most science books in English last year?
__________________________________________________________________ 6 Father bought me a toy at Christmas.
__________________________________________________________________ 7 We never hear her speak English.
__________________________________________________________________ 8 They report that it will be cooler.
__________________________________________________________________
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一、选择题 ( 每题1分)
( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build ( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week. A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened ( )3.So far, the moon ____ by man already. A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited ( )4.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week. A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives ( )5.Who _____ this book _____?
A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written ( )6.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary. A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to ( )7.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us ( )8.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump ( )9.Our teacher ______ carefully.
A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened
( ) 10 The apple ___ very sweet.
A. is tasted B. taste - C. tastes D. are tasting
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