初中英语同义句转换精析

1. 同义句转换题是近几年来中考英语试题的常见题型之一。该题型能够全面考查学生灵活运用英语的能力，要求学生反应敏捷，联想丰富，能用不同的句子或短语来表达同一意义。本文就同义句转换题的特点及转换形式进行分析，希望从中帮助同学们找出规律，提高其应试能力。

2. Eg.People were in a hurry to take the sick man to hospital.（写出同义句) People _______ _______ take the sick man to hospital. People hurries to take the sick man to hospital.

同义句转换的实质就是替代、合并和改写句子。具体分析如下： 一：替代

1、 用一个新的词、短语替代原句中有关部分。 如：① I received a letter from Lucy .

= I heard from Lucy . (receive a letter from → hear from ) ② I often walk to school every day .

= I often go to school on foot . (walk → go on foot ) ③ She decided to stop learning English .

= She decided to give up English . (stop doing sth. → give up doing sth. ) 2、 用反义词来替代。如：

3、 ④ We are in different rows . = We aren’t in the same row . (different → same )

4、 ⑤ My bike is cheaper than yours . = Your bike is more expensive than mine . ( cheap → expensive ) 用反义词或反义短语来替换时，一般会有一个否定意义的词，如 not , less , no , never , hardly 等。 二：合并句子

合并句子一般是通过并列连词将两个简单句合并为一句。常见的并列连词有：not only … but also , both … and , neither …nor, either … or 等。例如： ⑥ Mary didn’t go to the park . I didn’t , either . = Neither Mary nor I went to the park . ⑦ Wei Hua may go to the cinema , or Ann may because there is only one ticket .

= Either WeiHua or Ann may go to the cinema because there is only one ticket . ⑧ John has got a penfriend . Mike has got a penfriend , too . = Not only John but also Mike has got a penfriend . = Both John and Mike have got penfriends . 三：改写句子

通过能够表达同一意义的不同句型、句式、语态的转换，来达到改写句子的目的。具体可分为：

1、 复合句改为简单句。含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时，可用不定式改写，将宾语从句中的谓语动词变为不定式。如：

⑨ We all agree that we should leave at once . = We all agree to leave at once .

⑩ Could you tell me when we will start ? = Could you tell me when to start ?

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含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时，还可用复合宾语，即宾语加宾语补助语来改写。如： 1. I saw he went into the room just now . = I saw him go into the room just now .

2. Edison’s mother found that he was a clever boy . = Edison’s mother found him clever . We heard that she was singing in English . = We heard her singing in English .

2、含状语从句的复合句变简单句时，常用以下方法：以 so…that 引导的结果状语从句常转换为 too … to 或 enough to 结构。如： He is so young that he can’t go to school . = He is too young to go to school .

= He isn’t old enough to go to school . 另外还可通过结构和语态的转换来改写。如：

I can’t finish the work if you don’t help me . = I can’t finish the work without your help .

= I can’t finish the work unless you help me .

We use computers in many ways . = Computers are used in many ways . 3、 句型间的转换，要求对能够表达同一意义的常用句型结构了解甚透。如： It took me two hours to finish my homework . = I spent two hours in finishing my homework .

If you don’t hurry , you will be late . = Hurry up , or you’ll be late . 4、 还可利用词性转换来改写。如：

There was a heavy snow here last night .

= It snowed heavily here last night . Uncle Wang invented the machine . = Uncle Wang was the inventor of the machine . 四：热身练习：

1. (A) It’s good for your health to do exercise often . (B) _____ exercise often can make you _____ . 2. (A) This picture looks the same as that one . (B) _____ _____ ______ ______ the two pictures .

3. (A) Tom is taller than any other student in his class . (B) Tom is _____ _____ in his class .

4. (A) I’ll go to bed after I finish my homework . (B) I _____ go to bed _____ I finish my homework . 5. (A) Cross the bridge , you will find the building . (B) ____ _____ the bridge , you’ll find the building .

6. (A) My father went to Beijing last year . He is still there now . (B) My father ______ _____ _____ Beijing ______ last year . 7. (A) It’s a long time since we wet last .

(B) We _____ _____ each other for a long time since we wet last . 8. (A) He wrote the book in 2000.

(B) The book _____ _____ by ____ in 2000.

9. (A) Lucy was born on March 5 , 19 , so was Lily . (B) Lucy is _____ _____ _____ Lily .

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10. (A) We can hardly decide what we shall do next .

(B) ______ ______ for us to decide what ____ ____ next .

11. (A) He doesn’t like singing . He doesn’t like dancing , either . (B) He likes _____ singing _____ dancing .

12. (A) The light in the room was so weak that the doctor wasn’t able to operate .

(B) The doctor _____ do the _____ _____ such bad light inside the room . 13. (A) It was very hot last night . I could hardly sleep . (B) It was _____ hot last night ____ I could hardly sleep . 14. (A) Bill Gates knows much about computers .

(B) Bill Gates _____ a lot of ______ of computers . 15. (A) One day the librarian had an idea .

(B) One day the librarian _____ _____ ______ an idea . 16. (A) We are so happy that we can’t say a word . (B) We are ____ happy _____ say _____ . 17. (A) Have you ever been abroad ?

(B) Have you ever been to any _____ _____ ? 18. (A) The old man died two years ago .

(B) The old man _____ ______ ______ ______ two years . 19. (A) Both Mary and Ann passed the exam . (B) ______ Mary nor Ann ______ the exam . 20. (A) Chinese is less popular than English . (B) Chinese isn’t _____ popular _____ English . 21. (A) They spent two hours on the experiment .

(B) It _____ ______ two hours _____ _____ the experiment . 22. (A) That’s not an interesting film , I think . (B) I _____ think that _____ an interesting film . 23. (A) Mr. Smith was once an English teacher .

(B) Mr. Smith ______ _____ be an English teacher . 24. (A) How is the weather today ? (B) ______ the weather _____ today ?

25. (A) He spent 500 yuan on the bicycle . (B) The bicycle ______ ______ 500 yuan . 26. (A) Each of them has an apple . (B) They _____ an apple _____ . 27. (A) We use knives to cut things .

(B) Knives _____ ______ ______ _____ things . 28. (A) Li Lei jumped farthest in our class .

(B) In our class _____ jumped so far ____ Li Lei . 29. (A) He has lived here since he was born . (B) He has lived here _____ _____ _____ .

30. (A) When he was three , he could read and write . (B) _____ the _____ of three , he could read and write .

31. (A) This coat is too big for me . That coat is too small for me .

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(B) The coats are _____ too big _____ too small for me .

32. (A) If you don’t think hard , you won’t find the answer . (B) _____ _____ , ______ you won’t find the answer . 33. (A) Lucy’s parents are very proud of their daughter . (B) Lucy is _____ ______ ______ her parents .

34. (A) The film is the most interesting one that I have ever seen . (B) I have _____ seen _____ an interesting film before . 35. (A) Bike is short for bicycle .

(B) Bike is another way _____ _____ bicycle .

36. (A) When I got there , I found he was lying on the ground . (B) When I got there , I found _____ _____ on the ground . 37. (A) We have had no holiday for about one month .

(B) We haven’t had a _____ _____ for about one month . 38. (A) It’s hard to stop smoking in a short time .

(B) It’s hard to _____ _____ smoking in a short time . 39.(A) My brother joined the PLA a year ago .

(B) My brother _____ _____ a _____ for a year . 40.(A) The factory has been open for half a year . (B) ______ half a year _____ the factory _____ . 41. (A) She walks slowest of the four .

(B) She walks _____ than the _____ _____ .

42. (A) Put the tree in the hole so that it is straight . (B) Put the tree in the hole ____ _____ it straight . 43. (A) It was very late . Jim was still doing his lessons.

(B) _____ it was very late , Jim still went _____ _____ his lessons . 44. (A) Most of his questions were not about his lessons .

(B) Most of his questions had ____ to _____ with his lessons . 45. (A) They will go to Hong Kong by air next week . (B) They will _____ _____ Hong Kong next week . 46. (A) My penfriends often write letters to me . (B) I often _____ ______ my penfriends . 47. (A) Everyone is here except Wei Hua . (B) ______ Wei Hua ____ here .

48. (A) I don’t want to eat anything .

(B) I don’t _____ ______ eating anything . 49. (A) Jim isn’t good at Chinese .

(B) Jim _____ _____ _____ _____ Chinese .

50.(A) How many people are there in Germany ? (B) _____ the ______ of Germany ?

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